{"id":44630,"date":"2026-10-06T16:11:28","date_gmt":"2026-10-06T14:11:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/?p=44630"},"modified":"2026-10-07T16:26:40","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T14:26:40","slug":"ai-regulation-reaches-the-u-s-china-negotiating-table-neither-side-is-doing-it-for-our-sake","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/en\/ai-regulation-reaches-the-u-s-china-negotiating-table-neither-side-is-doing-it-for-our-sake\/","title":{"rendered":"AI Regulation Reaches the U.S.-China Negotiating Table \u2014 Neither Side Is Doing It for Our Sake"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"44630\" class=\"elementor elementor-44630\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-65b7380 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"65b7380\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-539899d\" data-id=\"539899d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f7e7db7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f7e7db7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Photo: Donald Trump and Xi Jinping, image generated in reference to the viral 2023 \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Will_Smith_Eating_Spaghetti_Original.webm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Will Smith eating spaghetti<\/a>\u201d video and the distorted aesthetics of early image-generating diffusion models.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-131d642d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"131d642d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<style>.elementor-element-131d642d{display:none !important}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1d497a10 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1d497a10\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6903ba6a\" data-id=\"6903ba6a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-596937dc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"596937dc\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-no-translation=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-259d68c9\" data-id=\"259d68c9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e31b673 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1e31b673\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>What is happening?<\/h2><p>Ahead of the recent <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/articles\/cr93e4x7kdjjo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">red-carpet treatment<\/a> for China\u2019s President\u2019s Xi Jinping (\u7fd2\u8fd1\u5e73) during his visit to the United States, September 23 to 25, speculation was growing over whether Washington and Beijing could find <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cfr.org\/articles\/when-xi-comes-to-washington\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">common ground<\/a> on regulating artificial intelligence.<\/p><p>Echoing Cold War arrangements between the U.S. and the Soviet Union designed to reduce nuclear risks and prevent dangerous misunderstandings (e.g. the hotline <a href=\"https:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/august-30\/hotline-established-between-washington-and-moscow\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">established<\/a> after the Cuban missile crisis), some experts called for joint coordination mechanisms or even a dedicated <a href=\"https:\/\/carnegieendowment.org\/emissary\/2026\/09\/us-china-ai-hotline-how-to-build\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">hotline<\/a> that could be used to safeguard against advanced AI systems spiraling out of control and posing a threat to both countries. Others went much further, arguing that the development of increasingly powerful large language models (LLMs) should be temporarily <a href=\"https:\/\/pauseai.info\/about\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">halted<\/a> because of the risks they could pose to humanity.<\/p><p>AI governance was therefore <a href=\"https:\/\/www.atlanticcouncil.org\/dispatches\/what-to-expect-at-the-trump-xi-summit-in-washington\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">high on the agenda<\/a> going into the summit, with Xi and U.S. President Donlad Trump reaching some common ground, including the establishment of a new bilateral dialogue. The White House <a href=\"https:\/\/www.whitehouse.gov\/fact-sheets\/2026\/09\/fact-sheet-president-donald-j-trump-advances-a-fair-and-reciprocal-relationship-with-china-while-hosting-historic-state-visit\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">claimed<\/a> that the two leaders had agreed to use the term \u201csuper intelligence\u201d rather than \u201cartificial intelligence.\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fmprc.gov.cn\/eng\/xw\/zyxw\/202609\/t20260926_12031663.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Chinese readouts<\/a>, however, made no mention of such an agreement and continued to use the term \u201cartificial intelligence.\u201d What will the mechanism of this dialogue actually look like in concrete terms remains unclear. The next talks in regard to this platform will be held in November.<\/p><p>On the surface, Washington and Beijing appear to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/china\/china-us-agree-30-billion-tariff-cut-ai-dialogue-during-xi-visit-2026-09-26\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">agree<\/a> on at least one thing: AI needs some form of control. But the similar language employed by either side masks very different motivations. Both countries are competing for technological advantage, and their approaches to regulation are shaped by their own strategic interests. China can sometimes appear to be the more cautious or regulation-friendly actor, but neither side approaches the issue from a purely altruistic position.<\/p><h2>What is the broader picture?<\/h2><p>The debate over regulating LLMs has intensified in recent months, driven in part by warnings from employees and executives at the companies developing such systems. Several incidents have added urgency in these concerns: In July, autonomous OpenAI agents \u2014 self-directed software systems \u2014 <a href=\"https:\/\/openai.com\/index\/hugging-face-incident-and-the-road-ahead\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">breached<\/a> the database of Hugging Face, an open-source machine-learning tool developer. The case led to the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnbc.com\/2026\/09\/30\/openai-sued-cyberattack.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">filing of a lawsuit<\/a> in a San Francisco court late September by the nonprofit Legal Advocates for Safe Science and Technology.<\/p><p>The Hugging Face incident comes after OpenAI <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/technology\/2026\/oct\/02\/openai-disclose-another-hack-on-government-department-in-australia\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">acknowledged a second hack<\/a> of an Australian government agency in June. The October 2 announcement, which related to unauthorized access to non-public data from the New South Wales Bureau of Crime Statistics, came a week after the ChatGPT maker revealed a similar breach in June of a public health insurance database under Services Australia, a federal government agency. Compounding the gloomy outlook, a safety researcher for Anthropic attracted widespread attention last month with a <a href=\"https:\/\/x.com\/hilbertspaess\/status\/2097476196791709843\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">resignation letter warning<\/a> of a greater than 10% chance that AI could wipe out humanity.<\/p><p>The language surrounding these events, however, deserves closer scrutiny. Human beings have a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.doc.cc\/articles\/anthropomorphizing-everything\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">strong tendency to anthropomorphize<\/a> things that have little in common with living beings, and the way AI is discussed often reinforces this tendency. Headlines claiming that \u201cAI hacked\u201d a database give language models agency and implicitly suggest that they can make autonomous decisions. This framing can also benefit tech companies by distancing human developers and corporate decisions from what their systems do. Computer scientist and former Google researcher Timnit Gebru has <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wired.com\/story\/the-big-interview-podcast-timnit-gebru\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">argued<\/a> that even the term \u201cartificial intelligence\u201d functions as corporate branding that encourages this perception.<\/p><p>Former U.S. Federal Trade Commission chair Lina Khan <a href=\"https:\/\/x.com\/linamkhan\/status\/2105677384292704548\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">argues<\/a> that calls from technology executives for development pauses, new regulatory frameworks, and coordination with China can distract from laws and regulations that already apply to irresponsible uses of digital technologies and inadequate cybersecurity or restrictions on misleading advertising. Presenting AI as an unprecedented technology <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2026\/9\/24\/ai-corporate-leaders-tell-un-the-industry-needs-global-regulation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">creates a case<\/a> for entirely new rules, ideally written with extensive input from the companies that claim to understand the risks best.<\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.truthdig.com\/articles\/under-a-mask-of-ai-doomerism-the-familiar-face-of-eugenics\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fearmongering<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/technology\/2026\/09\/21\/is-this-how-world-ends-extinction-scenarios-are-taking-over-ai-debate\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">claims<\/a> about almost superhuman technology powerful enough to wipe out humanity have <a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/technology\/2026\/04\/18\/ai-doom-influencers-safety\/?itid=sr_1_427b643d-8827-4c76-bfa1-d4ea3c401d7d\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">intensified<\/a> just as several companies behind leading AI models are <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/us-news\/2026\/sep\/12\/openai-delays-ipo-sam-altman-ai-safety-concerns\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">preparing<\/a> to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/business\/finance\/anthropics-ipo-prospectus-shows-sweeping-ai-vision-surging-costs-2026-09-28\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">go<\/a> public. Some of China\u2019s largest AI companies are <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/asia-pacific\/chinese-ai-firm-moonshot-files-confidentially-hong-kong-ipo-sources-say-2026-09-03\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">also<\/a> preparing for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/legal\/transactional\/chinas-deepseek-raise-fresh-capital-74-billion-valuation-ahead-onshore-ipo-2026-07-15\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IPOs<\/a>.<\/p><p>Critics of the American AI debate often <a href=\"https:\/\/www.isdp.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Interview-Abram-Jun-11-2026.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">implicitly praise<\/a> the approach by China, where existential risks to humanity <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theatlantic.com\/technology\/2026\/09\/china-ai-panic-doomerism\/688761\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">receive far less attention<\/a>. When the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) discusses AI dangers, it tends to <a href=\"https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2026\/09\/17\/tech\/china-ai-debate-intl-hnk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">focus<\/a> on issues more immediately relevant to users and society, such as deepfakes, employment and economic disruption. This helps China present itself as the more pragmatic counterpart to Silicon Valley.<\/p><p>With <a href=\"https:\/\/web-assets.bcg.com\/pdf-src\/prod-live\/us-and-china-ai-strategy-causing-global-ai-divide.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">estimates<\/a> putting U.S. computing capacity at roughly eight times that of the PRC, Chinese developers have <a href=\"https:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/articles\/competing-ai-strategies-for-the-us-and-china\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">focused<\/a> heavily on making models more computationally efficient while keeping their performance competitive with American systems. A technique associated with this effort is called \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/china\/what-is-ai-model-distillation-why-is-it-becoming-us-china-flashpoint-2026-07-31\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">distillation<\/a>.\u201d Put very simply, this involves a smaller model learning from the outputs or capabilities of a larger model. In this process, knowledge and patterns from a computationally expensive \u201cteacher\u201d model are transferred to a smaller \u201cstudent\u201d model. Another important difference is the popularity of <a href=\"https:\/\/hellofuture.orange.com\/en\/a-typology-of-artificial-intelligence-models\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">open<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/hellofuture.orange.com\/en\/a-typology-of-artificial-intelligence-models\/\">&#8211;<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/hellofuture.orange.com\/en\/a-typology-of-artificial-intelligence-models\/\">weight<\/a> models among Chinese developers. Unlike fully closed models, their trained parameters are made available, allowing users and developers much greater freedom to modify and deploy them.<\/p><p>Chen Yixin (\u9673\u4e00\u65b0), Minister of State Security and Secretary of the Ministry\u2019s CCP Committee <a href=\"https:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s\/jsc97cKVYOcHuI_WisvOxw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">offers<\/a> a useful way of understanding Beijing\u2019s concerns: Chinese discussions focus much less on AI destroying humanity and much more on AI threatening the CCP\u2019s political dominance. A major concern is AI\u2019s potential role in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xixianxinqu.gov.cn\/xwzx\/ztzl\/gjwlaqxcz\/2099306357977038849.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">cognitive warfare<\/a> and its possible exploitation by foreign adversaries. Cognitive warfare already occupies an important place in Chinese military thinking and is connected to the concept of the \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.esd.whs.mil\/Portals\/54\/Documents\/FOID\/Reading%20Room\/Litigation_Release\/Litigation%20Release%20-%20China-%20The%20Three%20Warfares%20%20201305.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Three Warfares<\/a>,\u201d formally adopted in 2003 by the People\u2019s Liberation Army.<\/p><p>An <a href=\"https:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s\/ltbfMDjWG1xuptFupwaQEw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">article<\/a> from China\u2019s Central Party School illustrates this thinking, with the institution\u2019s researchers warning that AI could be used to organize or facilitate \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/aiunderheaven.substack.com\/p\/ai-safety-and-xi-jinping-thought\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">color revolutions<\/a>,\u201d a term frequently used by authoritarian governments to describe popular uprisings they portray as foreign-backed political destabilization.<\/p><p>Beijing simultaneously wants Chinese AI models to spread internationally, particularly across the Global South. In 2026, China introduced a new international <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mfa.gov.cn\/eng\/zy\/gb\/202405\/t20240531_11367503.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">AI Governance Initiative<\/a> aimed at helping interested countries integrate AI technologies into their economies. In some respects, the approach resembles the Belt and Road Initiative, but with digital infrastructure and AI models playing a central role. Chinese <a href=\"https:\/\/un.china-mission.gov.cn\/eng\/zgyw\/202507\/t20250729_11679232.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">policy documents<\/a> often reproduce the same rhetoric associated with Silicon Valley: AI as a \u201cnew frontier\u201d of human development, a technology capable of benefiting all of humanity, and a transformative force.<\/p><h2>Why does it matter?<\/h2><p>The most immediate <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ibm.com\/think\/insights\/anthropomorphizing-ai-danger-infosec-perspective\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">risks<\/a> posed by LLMs come from irresponsible use, poor deployment and a fundamental misunderstanding of what these systems can and cannot do. Until both involved parties understand this, no relevant AI-safety conversation can be held.<\/p><p>Recent incidents show how actual risks can materialize. A September <a href=\"https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2026\/09\/18\/politics\/us-military-ai-false-intelligence-china-ship\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CNN investigation<\/a> revealed that a U.S. military analysts relied on a chatbot that falsely identified cargo aboard a Chinese vessel as nuclear, prompting preparations for its interception. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.f5.com\/labs\/articles\/chinese-open-weight-ai-models-cybersecurity-risks-and-rewards\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Chinese LLMs offer little reassurance<\/a> either: in July, they were <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/articles\/cmrergq3j7lgo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">found<\/a> providing instructions on bioweapons and assassinations. Given that many draw on capabilities distilled from U.S. models, tighter controls do not necessarily make them safer, especially as Beijing seeks to proliferate its LLM technology across the developing world.<\/p><p>Both strands of the debate risk anthropomorphizing the technology while overlooking more immediate problems: unreliable outputs, inappropriate deployment and insufficient safeguards. For all the differences between Silicon Valley and China\u2019s technology sector, both still seem reluctant to abandon the old tech mantra: \u201cMove fast and break things.\u201d The problem is that the things being broken may now carry considerably higher stakes.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Photo: Donald Trump and Xi Jinping, image generated in reference to the viral 2023 \u201cWill Smith eating spaghetti\u201d video and the distorted aesthetics of early image-generating diffusion models. Foto: Donald Trump a Si \u0164in-pching. Obr\u00e1zek vygenerovan\u00fd modelem ChatGPT Images 2.0 odkazuje na vir\u00e1ln\u00ed video \u201eWill Smith Eating Spaghetti\u201c z roku 2023 a nedokonalou kvalitu ran\u00fdch [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":19,"featured_media":44607,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[500],"tags":[573],"class_list":["post-44630","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","tag-matus-brziak"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>AI Regulation Reaches the U.S.-China Negotiating Table \u2014 Neither Side Is Doing It for Our Sake - European Values Center for Security Policy<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/en\/ai-regulation-reaches-the-u-s-china-negotiating-table-neither-side-is-doing-it-for-our-sake\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"AI Regulation Reaches the U.S.-China Negotiating Table \u2014 Neither Side Is Doing It for Our Sake - European Values Center for Security Policy\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Photo: Donald Trump and Xi Jinping, image generated in reference to the viral 2023 \u201cWill Smith eating spaghetti\u201d video and the distorted aesthetics of early image-generating diffusion models. 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