{"id":36809,"date":"2024-06-24T12:00:32","date_gmt":"2024-06-24T10:00:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/?p=36809"},"modified":"2024-07-09T14:18:21","modified_gmt":"2024-07-09T12:18:21","slug":"the-threat-of-red-ideology-north-korea-and-russia-revive-their-military-alliance","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/en\/the-threat-of-red-ideology-north-korea-and-russia-revive-their-military-alliance\/","title":{"rendered":"The Threat of Red Ideology: North Korea and Russia Revive Their Military Alliance"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"36809\" class=\"elementor elementor-36809\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3a76576 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3a76576\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-280da82\" data-id=\"280da82\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d9b1c3f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d9b1c3f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Meeting between the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin and the Chairman of the State Council of the DPRK Kim Jong Un in Vladivostok, 2019. <br \/><span lang=\"EN\">Photo: Wikimedia Commons<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a567811 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a567811\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<style>.elementor-element-a567811{display:none !important}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5f990f75 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5f990f75\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-11f28747\" data-id=\"11f28747\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-2d1f88bd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2d1f88bd\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-no-translation=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-77784e64\" data-id=\"77784e64\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7f10018c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7f10018c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>What is happening?<\/h2><p>We continue to witness the institutionalization of the revisionist <strong>authoritarian axis<\/strong> spanning from <strong>Moscow to Pyongyang<\/strong>. Vladimir Putin embarked on a junket trip to North Korea, where, together with Kim Jong Un, he signed <strong>a treaty upgrading Russia-DPRK relations<\/strong> and introducing a <strong>mutual defense pledge<\/strong>. Mirroring the 1961 North Korea-Soviet Union Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation, and Mutual Assistance, Article 4 of the new <strong>Treaty on Comprehensive Strategic Partnership<\/strong> stipulates that if one party is invaded, the other will provide military and other assistance according to Article 51 of the UN Charter and their respective domestic laws. Moreover, the full-fledged military cooperation enabled by the treaty paves the way for autocrats&#8217; cooperation in <strong>evading the international sanctions regime<\/strong> imposed by the West \u2013 any arms exports or imports by North Korea would violate UN Security Council resolutions. Before the onset of the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine, Moscow \u2013 a United Nations Security Council permanent member with its own nuclear weapons \u2013 had participated in international efforts to stop Pyongyang from developing nuclear and missile technology. Consequently, the growing cooperation between Russia and the DPRK fundamentally undermines the global security architecture.<\/p><h2>\u00a0<\/h2><h2>What is the broader picture?<\/h2><p>The &#8220;Comprehensive Strategic Partner Relationship Treaty&#8221; aims to restore bilateral relations to a level reminiscent of the 1961 Sino-Soviet Mutual Defense Treaty. It formalizes broad-based cooperation across various sectors, purportedly enhancing mutual military assistance akin to that under the Sino-Soviet pact yet raising concerns about facilitating illicit activities in new areas, including sharing satellite imagery and transfers of nuclear-powered submarine technologies for North Korea.<\/p><p>The treaty extends beyond military security to encompass economic and technological exchanges. Article 10 mentions specific fields such as trade, investment, science and technology, space, biology, peaceful nuclear cooperation, artificial intelligence, and information technology. However, many of these areas, crucial to North Korea\u2019s belligerent ambitions diminished due to international sanctions, may hinge on Russia\u2019s compliance with UN Security Council resolutions.<\/p><p>Critics suggest the treaty expands areas of cooperation to evade sanctions that have strained both nations, enabling potential advancements in strategic and tactical weapon systems for North Korea if cooperation proceeds smoothly. Additionally, it establishes frameworks for Russian support in sectors vital for North Korea\u2019s socio-economic development, such as agriculture, education, healthcare, sports, culture, and tourism. Education, culture, and tourism could also facilitate the deployment of North Korean laborers abroad, a crucial source of foreign currency. In turn, the prospect of labor cooperation between Moscow and Pyongyang aligns with Russia\u2019s unmet labor supply in its Far Eastern region.<\/p><p>Professor Eul-Chul Lim from the Institute of Far Eastern Studies at Kyungnam University <a href=\"https:\/\/www.joongang.co.kr\/article\/25257893\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">noted,<\/a> &#8220;The treaty&#8217;s broad coverage across areas like trade, economics, and science and technology appears aimed at achieving relative ease of agreement and avoiding harsh scrutiny from the international community.&#8221; He added, &#8220;If cooperation proceeds smoothly from North Korea&#8217;s perspective, it could advance strategic and tactical weapon systems beyond previous levels.&#8221;<\/p><p>In conclusion, North Korea has laid the groundwork for receiving Russian support in various sectors essential for economic and humanitarian needs, potentially mitigating the impact of international sanctions and expanding its foreign labor deployment opportunities. This partnership signifies a strategic maneuver amid geopolitical challenges, although it also invites scrutiny regarding compliance with international norms and sanctions enforcement.<\/p><h2>\u00a0<\/h2><h2>Why does it matter?<\/h2><p>Since the onset of the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine, North Korea has used Russia\u2019s growing tensions with the collective West and international institutions to strengthen cooperation with Moscow against their main common enemy: Washington.<\/p><p>Firstly, <a href=\"https:\/\/n.news.naver.com\/mnews\/article\/022\/0003943800\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the ongoing Russian war<\/a><u> in Ukraine<\/u> allowed North Korea to review its diplomatic posture. North Korea has entirely abandoned its quest for rapprochement with South Korea and the U.S. and instead bandwagons with Russia. By supplying Russia with large quantities of ammunition, rockets, old tank parts, and ballistic missiles, North Korea has become a crucial military supply base for Russia amid the war. This move has enhanced North Korea\u2019s international standing and earned it Russia\u2019s trust and support.<\/p><p>Secondly, leveraging the Ukraine war, North Korea has intensified its cooperation with Russia, culminating in the signing of a comprehensive strategic partnership treaty. This treaty signifies the institutionalization of political will to pursue extensive collaboration in military, economic, and diplomatic fields. For North Korea, it means access to robust support from Russia when facing pressure from the U.S. and its allies, creating a diplomatic and military safeguard system comparable to that of Seoul and Washington.<\/p><p>From Russia&#8217;s perspective, President Putin&#8217;s visit to Pyongyang and meeting with Kim Jong-un further solidified the friendly relations between the two countries. Putin&#8217;s gift of a Russian-made luxury limousine to Kim Jong-un, despite violating UN sanctions against North Korea, symbolically demonstrated Russia&#8217;s firm support to the authoritarian neighbor even if it challenges the global security architecture. Moreover, the treaty&#8217;s Article 4 stipulates that if one party is attacked, the other will provide military and other assistance in accordance <a href=\"https:\/\/www.joongang.co.kr\/article\/25257584\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">with Article 51 of the UN Charter,<\/a> reinforcing their military cooperation, which essentially amounts to an alliance.<\/p><p>However, this diplomatic strategy also faces future challenges and risks. After the Ukraine war ends, Russia may no longer need North Korea\u2019s outdated weapons, which would deprive Pyongyang of crucial diplomatic leverage. Further, despite the signing of the treaty, its implementation will depend on Russia\u2019s strategic decisions and remains subject to Putin\u2019s volatility.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Meeting between the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin and the Chairman of the State Council of the DPRK Kim Jong Un in Vladivostok, 2019. Photo: Wikimedia Commons Jedn\u00e1n\u00ed prezidenta Rusk\u00e9 federace Vladimira Putina a p\u0159edsedy St\u00e1tn\u00ed rady KLDR Kim \u010cong-una ve Vladivostoku, 2019. Foto: Wikimedia Commons What is happening? We continue to witness [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":36868,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[500],"tags":[520],"class_list":["post-36809","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","tag-elaine-ko"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The Threat of Red Ideology: North Korea and Russia Revive Their Military Alliance - European Values Center for Security Policy<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/en\/the-threat-of-red-ideology-north-korea-and-russia-revive-their-military-alliance\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Threat of Red Ideology: North Korea and Russia Revive Their Military Alliance - European Values Center for Security Policy\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Meeting between the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin and the Chairman of the State Council of the DPRK Kim Jong Un in Vladivostok, 2019. 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Photo: Wikimedia Commons Jedn\u00e1n\u00ed prezidenta Rusk\u00e9 federace Vladimira Putina a p\u0159edsedy St\u00e1tn\u00ed rady KLDR Kim \u010cong-una ve Vladivostoku, 2019. Foto: Wikimedia Commons What is happening? 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