{"id":35153,"date":"2023-12-12T12:06:10","date_gmt":"2023-12-12T10:06:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/?p=35153"},"modified":"2024-03-11T15:33:17","modified_gmt":"2024-03-11T13:33:17","slug":"a-display-of-divergence-eu-china-summit-in-beijing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/en\/a-display-of-divergence-eu-china-summit-in-beijing\/","title":{"rendered":"A Display of Divergence: EU-China Summit in Beijing"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"35153\" class=\"elementor elementor-35153\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-30fc5c08 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"30fc5c08\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2d53b6ee\" data-id=\"2d53b6ee\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-54a912a5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"54a912a5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-no-translation=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-60343c1c\" data-id=\"60343c1c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a3b8072 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1a3b8072\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>What is happening?<\/h2><p>For the first time since 2019, the European Union (EU) and China held an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.consilium.europa.eu\/en\/meetings\/international-summit\/2023\/12\/07\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>in-person summit<\/strong><\/a> in Beijing on December 7. The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pism.pl\/publications\/eu-china-summit-ends-with-protocol-of-divergences\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">key issues of concern<\/a> for the EU included the<strong> China-Russia relations<\/strong>, including the EU\u2019s opposition to exports of dual-use items from China to Russia, and <strong>structural trade imbalances<\/strong>. The summit took place amid <strong>high tensions in EU-China relations<\/strong> as Brussels remains increasingly frustrated about <strong>China\u2019s support for Russia\u2019s circumvention of EU sanctions<\/strong>, <strong>limited market access for EU companies<\/strong>, and <strong>Beijing\u2019s growing belligerence towards Taiwan<\/strong>. As part of the summit, European Council president Charles Michel and European Commission (EC) president Ursula von der Leyen met first with Chinese president Xi Jinping (\u7fd2\u8fd1\u5e73) and then sat down with Premier Li Qiang (\u674e\u5f37). The summit resulted in few deliverables, however, and the <strong>growing divergence<\/strong> between Brussels and Beijing on bilateral issues and international affairs was evidenced by the <strong>lack of a joint statement <\/strong>after the meeting.<\/p><h2>What is the broader picture?<\/h2><p>The EU-China relations are in a <strong>nadir <\/strong>as Brussels increasingly considers China<strong> a source of threats<\/strong> to its economic and security interests. China remains a focus of the EU&#8217;s efforts to <strong>de-risk its supply chains<\/strong>, as evidenced by the<strong> EU Economic Security Strategy<\/strong> announced by the High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy and the EC in June this year. Additionally, the EC started an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.politico.eu\/article\/brussels-officially-starts-probe-into-chinese-electric-vehicles\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>anti-subsidy investigation<\/strong><\/a> into Chinese electric vehicles in October, which sparked backlash in China where the probe is considered to be \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/english.news.cn\/20230919\/d1f4147597aa431cbf5bcbc9a1e43ec0\/c.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">politically inclined<\/a>\u201d. Throughout the year, Beijing also <strong>tightened restrictions on exports of critical raw materials<\/strong>, including <a href=\"https:\/\/asia.nikkei.com\/Spotlight\/Supply-Chain\/China-tightens-rare-earth-export-curbs-amid-tension-with-U.S\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">gallium and germanium<\/a> used in semiconductor manufacturing and graphite <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pism.pl\/publications\/eu-china-summit-ends-with-protocol-of-divergences\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">necessary for the EU\u2019s defense industry<\/a>. At the same time, China embarked on a <strong>charm offensive <\/strong>ahead of the summit as it <a href=\"https:\/\/www.politico.eu\/article\/china-relaxes-visa-requirements-citizens-france-germany-italy-netherlands-spain\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">unilaterally waived<\/a> visa requirements for citizens of France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, and Spain, and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.taipeitimes.com\/News\/taiwan\/archives\/2023\/11\/30\/2003809931\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">dropped<\/a> trade measures imposed against Lithuania in 2021.<\/p><p>During the summit, the EU was able to amplify its concerns about imbalances in its trade relations with China and Beijing\u2019s support for Moscow amid the ongoing full scale invasion of Ukraine. Charles Michel said, \u201cAs a permanent member of the UN Security Council, China has a special responsibility, because this Russian war threatens global stability and the world economy.\u201d He also reiterated the EU\u2019s opposition to China supplying any military tools to Russia and reiterated the importance of China&#8217;s compliance in preventing Russia from circumventing sanctions. EC President Ursula von der Leyen said the sides discussed root causes of their trade imbalance, from a lack of access to the Chinese market and preferential treatment to Chinese firms, to overcapacities in Chinese production. \u201cPolitically, European leaders will not be able to tolerate that our industrial base is undermined by unfair competition,\u201d she said.<\/p><p>The summit resulted in few deliverables as<strong> both sides remain divided <\/strong>on how to address the gap between their positions on critical bilateral and international issues. <strong>No joint statement <\/strong>was issued, which is consistent with the announcements made prior to the event. Similarly, there was no agreement on how to productively address the issues related to European companies\u2019 market access in China or Beijing\u2019s tacit support for Putin\u2019s regime during the war in Ukraine. The EU demonstrates <strong>willingness to engage<\/strong> with China on<strong> less sensitive issues <\/strong>including civil society and cultural cooperation, which is evidenced by the relaunching of <strong>High-Level People-to-People Dialogue<\/strong> (HPPD) next year. At the same time, the EU\u2019s concerns about Beijing\u2019s <strong>unfair trade practices <\/strong>and <strong>growing belligerence in the region<\/strong>, and China\u2019s growing perception of the EU as increasingly <strong>protectionist<\/strong>, will remain difficult to resolve.<\/p><h2>Why does it matter?<\/h2><p>The EU continues to <strong>struggle <\/strong>as it seeks to develop a <strong>unified voice in approach to China<\/strong>. On the one hand, EC President von der Leyen remains determined to continue the reduction of the EU\u2019s dependence on China through a series of <strong>de-risking policies<\/strong>. On the other hand, these efforts may be hindered by member states which fear the <strong>possible economic backlash<\/strong> from China\u2019s response (e.g., Germany, Spain) or remain <strong>closely aligned<\/strong> with the authorities in Beijing (Hungary). This means that the space for productive engagement between the EU and China remains severely limited. The challenges resulting from this difficult relation should be addressed promptly and comprehensively by the new EC following the 2024 European Parliament elections.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What is happening? For the first time since 2019, the European Union (EU) and China held an in-person summit in Beijing on December 7. The key issues of concern for the EU included the China-Russia relations, including the EU\u2019s opposition to exports of dual-use items from China to Russia, and structural trade imbalances. The summit [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":35154,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[500],"tags":[495],"class_list":["post-35153","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","tag-marcin-jerzewski"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>A Display of Divergence: EU-China Summit in Beijing - European Values Center for Security Policy<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/en\/a-display-of-divergence-eu-china-summit-in-beijing\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"A Display of Divergence: EU-China Summit in Beijing - European Values Center for Security Policy\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"What is happening? For the first time since 2019, the European Union (EU) and China held an in-person summit in Beijing on December 7. The key issues of concern for the EU included the China-Russia relations, including the EU\u2019s opposition to exports of dual-use items from China to Russia, and structural trade imbalances. 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For the first time since 2019, the European Union (EU) and China held an in-person summit in Beijing on December 7. The key issues of concern for the EU included the China-Russia relations, including the EU\u2019s opposition to exports of dual-use items from China to Russia, and structural trade imbalances. 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