{"id":3260,"date":"2016-02-22T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2016-02-22T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/akta-x-po-evropsku\/"},"modified":"2021-05-20T17:30:59","modified_gmt":"2021-05-20T15:30:59","slug":"akta-x-po-evropsku","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/en\/akta-x-po-evropsku\/","title":{"rendered":"Akta X po evropsku"},"content":{"rendered":"

Korporace shroma\u017e\u010fuj\u00ed \u00fadaje o u\u017eivatel\u00edch zcela b\u011b\u017en\u011b, ty soukrom\u00e9 s c\u00edlem maximalizace zisku skrze adresn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed reklamu \u010di c\u00edlen\u011bj\u0161\u00ed slu\u017eby; ve\u0159ejnopr\u00e1vn\u00ed korporace zas s c\u00edlem boje proti kriminalit\u011b \u2013 tedy alespo\u0148 v to douf\u00e1me<\/b>.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

V\u00a0lednu leto\u0161n\u00edho roku se na televizn\u00ed obrazovky, alespo\u0148 na malou chv\u00edli, vr\u00e1til kultovn\u00ed seri\u00e1l Akta X<\/em>, kter\u00fd v\u00a0devades\u00e1t\u00fdch letech tak\u0159ka definoval popul\u00e1rn\u00ed kulturu sv\u00e9 doby. P\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b Atlantick\u00e9ho oce\u00e1nu to byla doba neb\u00fdval\u00e9 paranoie, ned\u016fv\u011bry v\u016f\u010di st\u00e1tn\u00edm instituc\u00edm, strachu z\u00a0budoucnosti a nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch konspira\u010dn\u00edch teori\u00ed. Pr\u00e1v\u011b na t\u011bchto n\u00e1lad\u00e1ch stav\u011bla Akta X<\/em> \u2013 a\u010dkoli se jejich pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed s\u00e9rie dostaly do pov\u011bdom\u00ed sp\u00ed\u0161e d\u00edky p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh\u016fm o mimozemsk\u00fdch n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edc\u00edch, seri\u00e1l ve sv\u00fdch za\u010d\u00e1tc\u00edch (a je\u0161t\u011b s\u00a0mnohem skromn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi rozpo\u010dty) s\u00e1zel p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm na p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy o masov\u00e9m \u0161pehov\u00e1n\u00ed ob\u010dan\u016f, zneu\u017e\u00edvan\u00ed osobn\u00edch dat zkorumpovan\u00fdmi \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edky a v\u0161udyp\u0159\u00edtomn\u00e9 orwellovsk\u00e9 kontrole. Nen\u00ed se \u010demu divit, \u017ee se aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00e9rie vzk\u0159\u00ed\u0161en\u00e9ho seri\u00e1lu nevrac\u00ed ke ko\u0159en\u016fm, ale navazuje pr\u00e1v\u011b na p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy o mimozem\u0161\u0165anech \u2013 masov\u00e9 sledov\u00e1n\u00ed a paranoia kolem n\u011bj nen\u00ed ji\u017e v\u00fdsadou fikce, n\u00fdbr\u017e ka\u017edodenn\u00ed realitou. Korporace shroma\u017e\u010fuj\u00ed \u00fadaje o u\u017eivatel\u00edch zcela b\u011b\u017en\u011b, ty soukrom\u00e9 s\u00a0c\u00edlem maximalizace zisku skrze adresn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed reklamu \u010di c\u00edlen\u011bj\u0161\u00ed slu\u017eby; ve\u0159ejnopr\u00e1vn\u00ed korporace zas s\u00a0c\u00edlem boje proti kriminalit\u011b \u2013 tedy alespo\u0148 v\u00a0to douf\u00e1me.<\/p>\n

NSA a shroma\u017e\u010fov\u00e1n\u00ed osobn\u00edch informac\u00ed<\/b><\/p>\n

V\u011bt\u0161ina informac\u00ed, kter\u00e9 od sv\u00e9ho b\u00fdval\u00e9ho zam\u011bstnavatele NSA (operuj\u00edc\u00ed se zdaleka nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm rozpo\u010dtem mezi americk\u00fdmi feder\u00e1ln\u00edmi informa\u010dn\u00edmi agenturami) vynesl whistleblower Edward Snowden, se nepotvrdila, a odkazovat na n\u011bj je sp\u00ed\u0161e jak\u00fdmsi folklorem. Nejz\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edm odhalen\u00edm Snowdena je patrn\u011b program PRISM, ve\u0161ker\u00e9 informace o n\u011bm v\u0161ak byly dovozen\u00e9 z intern\u00ed\u00a0powerpointov\u00e9 prezentace, k\u00a0n\u00ed\u017e nav\u00edc nen\u00ed jasn\u00e9, jak\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem Snowden z\u00edskal p\u0159\u00edstup \u2013 n\u00e1pln\u00ed jeho spolupr\u00e1ce s\u00a0NSA bylo zabezpe\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fdch s\u00edt\u00ed proti \u00fatok\u016fm zejm\u00e9na \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdch hacker\u016f<\/a>. PRISM m\u011bl spo\u010d\u00edvat v\u00a0tom, \u017ee velk\u00e9 americk\u00e9 internetov\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti jako Microsoft, Yahoo, PalTalk, AOL, Skype, YouTube a Apple byly donuceny ke spolupr\u00e1ci s\u00a0NSA a otev\u0159en\u00ed sv\u00fdch datab\u00e1z\u00ed pro vy\u0161et\u0159ovatele. Pozd\u011bji v\u0161ak vy\u0161lo najevo, \u017ee PRISM nebyl \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fdmi zadn\u00edmi dv\u00ed\u0159ky<\/a>, n\u00fdbr\u017e pouze jakousi intern\u00ed sm\u011brnic\u00ed a technick\u00fdm ujedn\u00e1n\u00edm<\/a>, kter\u00e9 m\u011blo analytik\u016fm usnadnit p\u0159\u00edstup k\u00a0\u00fadaj\u016fm, kter\u00e9 byly spole\u010dnostmi vyd\u00e1ny na z\u00e1klad\u011b soudn\u00edho p\u0159\u00edkazu v\u00a0r\u00e1mci vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed trestn\u00fdch \u010din\u016f. Kdyby v\u0161ak byl odhalen dal\u0161\u00ed, podobn\u00fd program a jeho pravdivost by se prok\u00e1zala, patrn\u011b by to m\u00e1lokoho p\u0159ekvapilo. Masov\u00e9 sledov\u00e1n\u00ed je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed ducha sou\u010dasn\u00e9 doby, a i kdyby se \u010dlov\u011bk od\u0159ezal od internetov\u00fdch technologi\u00ed, v\u0161udyp\u0159\u00edtomn\u00fdm kamer\u00e1m, kter\u00e9 jsou samoz\u0159ejmost\u00ed dnes ji\u017e i v\u00a0\u010desk\u00fdch m\u011bstech a budov\u00e1ch, se vyhne st\u011b\u017e\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\"edward-snowden\"<\/a>
V\u011bt\u0161ina informac\u00ed, kter\u00e9 od sv\u00e9ho b\u00fdval\u00e9ho zam\u011bstnavatele NSA vynesl whistleblower Edward Snowden se nepotvrdila.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

USA vs. EU: legislativn\u00ed ochrana u\u017eivatelsk\u00fdch dat<\/b><\/p>\n

Internetov\u00e9 slu\u017eby maj\u00ed glob\u00e1ln\u00ed dopad a odmysl\u00edme-li si um\u011bl\u00e1 omezen\u00ed vynucen\u00e1 st\u00e1ty \u010di dr\u017eiteli autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v, je web v\u00a0principu stejn\u00fd pro u\u017eivatele z\u00a0cel\u00e9ho sv\u011bta. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 plat\u00ed, \u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch internetov\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm t\u011bch, kter\u00e9 ve velk\u00e9m spravuj\u00ed u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9 \u00fadaje, poch\u00e1z\u00ed ze Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f \u2013 Google, Facebook, Apple \u010di Microsoft. Jejich datov\u00e1 centra se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm (ne v\u0161ak v\u00fdlu\u010dn\u011b) na americk\u00e9 p\u016fd\u011b a tedy i \u00fadaje o\u00a0u\u017eivatel\u00edch, t\u0159eba i t\u011bch z\u00a0Evropy, se \u010dasto \u201efyzicky\u201c nach\u00e1z\u00ed na \u00fazem\u00ed USA. Legislativn\u00ed bezprobl\u00e9movost t\u00e9to situace 15 let zaru\u010dovalo rozhodnut\u00ed Komise 2000\/520\/EC<\/a>, kter\u00e9 definovalo re\u017eim tzv. bezpe\u010dn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstavu<\/em> (safe harbor<\/em>) dovoluj\u00edc\u00ed zahrani\u010dn\u00edm spole\u010dnostem shroma\u017e\u010fovat osobn\u00ed \u00fadaje Evropan\u016f, pokud spole\u010dnost dodr\u017euje podm\u00ednky nastolen\u00e9 sm\u011brnic\u00ed 95\/46\/EC<\/a>, o ochran\u011b fyzick\u00fdch osob v souvislosti se zpracov\u00e1n\u00edm osobn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f a o voln\u00e9m pohybu t\u011bchto \u00fadaj\u016f. P\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm ve sv\u011btle podez\u0159en\u00ed vznesen\u00fdch Edwardem Snowdenem, kter\u00e1 nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee ve\u0161ker\u00e1 osobn\u00ed data nach\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed se fyzicky na \u00fazem\u00ed USA jsou shroma\u017e\u010fov\u00e1na, analyzov\u00e1na a potenci\u00e1ln\u011b zneu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1na NSA, bylo v\u0161ak toto rozhodnut\u00ed Komise soudn\u011b napadeno. Soudn\u00ed dv\u016fr Evropsk\u00e9 unie ve sv\u00e9m rozsudku<\/a> z\u00a0po\u010d\u00e1tku \u0159\u00edjna lo\u0148sk\u00e9ho roku prohl\u00e1sil rozhodnut\u00ed Komise za neplatn\u00e9. Dle rozsudku maj\u00ed m\u00edt \u010dlensk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty mo\u017enost posuzovat dopad p\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed dat do zahrani\u010d\u00ed a nelze automaticky p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat, \u017ee jsou data chr\u00e1n\u011bna. P\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f nebyla dok\u00e1z\u00e1na dostate\u010dn\u00e1 ochrana osobn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f ze strany legislativy i ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch org\u00e1n\u016f a ameri\u010dt\u00ed u\u017eivatel\u00e9 maj\u00ed v\u00a0t\u00e9to oblasti m\u00e9n\u011b pr\u00e1v ne\u017e ti evrop\u0161t\u00ed. Tam\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 org\u00e1ny maj\u00ed nav\u00edc k\u00a0osobn\u00edm \u00fadaj\u016fm \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup, ne\u017e je nezbytn\u00e9, a tedy standard ochrany soukrom\u00ed Evropan\u016f se sni\u017euje pouh\u00fdm transferem t\u011bchto \u00fadaj\u016f mimo Evropu.<\/p>\n

Rozhodnut\u00ed b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 u\u017eivatele prakticky nijak neovlivnilo, krom\u011b jin\u00e9ho tak\u00e9 proto, \u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina \u00fadaj\u016f ke slu\u017eb\u00e1m internetov\u00fdch gigant\u016f se v\u00a0USA nach\u00e1z\u00ed ji\u017e od po\u010d\u00e1tku. Poskytovatel\u00e9 internetov\u00fdch slu\u017eeb si pouze mus\u00ed d\u00e1t pozor, aby nedoch\u00e1zelo k\u00a0nekontrolovan\u00e9mu intern\u00edmu p\u0159ev\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed dat mezi servery sm\u011brem ven z\u00a0EU, co\u017e by vedlo k\u00a0poru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u00e1va. Zm\u011bnu poc\u00edtily sp\u00ed\u0161e spole\u010dnosti, kter\u00e9 nap\u0159\u00edklad outsourcuj\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00e9 sv\u00e9 \u010dinnosti mimo Unii. Do\u0161lo opravdu ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed standardu ochrany dat ob\u010dan\u016f EU t\u00edm, \u017ee jejich data ji\u017e nejsou vystavena necht\u011bn\u00e9mu \u0161pehov\u00e1n\u00ed na americk\u00e9 stran\u011b? Americk\u00e9 ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 org\u00e1ny skute\u010dn\u011b maj\u00ed \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed pole p\u016fsobnosti, co se t\u00fd\u010de p\u0159\u00edstupu k\u00a0citliv\u00fdm dat\u016fm, z\u00a0nich\u017e nav\u00edc \u0159ada podl\u00e9h\u00e1 re\u017eimu utajen\u00ed. Za zm\u00ednku tak\u00e9 stoj\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed koncentrace pravomoc\u00ed v\u00a0rukou centralizovan\u00fdch feder\u00e1ln\u00edch org\u00e1n\u016f \u2013 Evropsk\u00e1 unie zat\u00edm \u017e\u00e1dnou \u201efeder\u00e1ln\u00ed\u201c tajnou slu\u017ebu nem\u00e1 a tyto kompetence jsou t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u00fdlu\u010dn\u011b v\u00a0p\u016fsobnosti \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f, co\u017e posledn\u00ed rozsudek Soudn\u00edho dvora EU jenom podtrhl (t\u0159eba v\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 republice je dle sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho pr\u00e1vn\u00edho stavu vy\u017eadov\u00e1no pro p\u0159evod dat mimo EU povolen\u00ed \u00da\u0159adu pro ochranu osobn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f). Soudn\u00ed dv\u016fr EU nav\u00edc v\u00a0posledn\u00ed dob\u011b zaujal neb\u00fdvale aktivn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup k\u00a0prohlubov\u00e1n\u00ed ochrany citliv\u00fdch \u00fadaj\u016f, p\u0159ipome\u0148me t\u0159eba pr\u00e1vo \u201eb\u00fdt zapomenut\u201c poskytovatelem internetov\u00fdch slu\u017eeb, je\u017e soud dovodil v\u00a0roce 2014<\/a> a je\u017e v\u00a0USA nem\u00e1 obdobu. Pr\u00e1vo u\u017eivatele neb\u00fdt proti sv\u00e9 v\u016fli sledov\u00e1n poskytovatelem webov\u00fdch slu\u017eeb se vztahuje, snad t\u00edm sp\u00ed\u0161e, i na u\u017eivatele, kte\u0159\u00ed dan\u00e9 str\u00e1nky pouze nav\u0161t\u00edv\u00ed a nevytvo\u0159\u00ed si na nich \u00fa\u010det. Francouzsk\u00fd \u00fa\u0159ad pro ochranu osobn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f ulo\u017eil koncem ledna spole\u010dnosti Facebook povinnost<\/a>, aby do t\u0159\u00ed m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f zm\u011bnila zp\u016fsob, jak\u00fdm informuje neregistrovan\u00e9 n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edky sv\u00e9ho webu o tom, jestli a jak bude nakl\u00e1d\u00e1no s\u00a0informacemi o nich. Rovn\u011b\u017e Facebooku zak\u00e1zal p\u0159ev\u00e1d\u011bt jak\u00e1koli osobn\u00ed data ulo\u017een\u00e1 v\u00a0Evrop\u011b do USA, v\u00a0souladu s\u00a0aktu\u00e1ln\u00edm pr\u00e1vn\u00edm stavem.<\/p>\n

EU-US Privacy Shield<\/b><\/p>\n

Aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00ed stav je v\u0161ak neudr\u017eiteln\u00fd z\u00a0\u0159ady d\u016fvod\u016f. Svazuje ruce spole\u010dnostem, kter\u00e9 vyv\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed osobn\u00ed \u00fadaje z\u00a0d\u016fvodu efektivity a \u0161et\u0159en\u00ed n\u00e1klad\u016f, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k\u00a0prodra\u017een\u00ed v\u00fdrobk\u016f a slu\u017eeb \u2013 p\u0159ipome\u0148me, \u017ee spole\u010dnosti jako Google nebo Facebook poch\u00e1z\u00ed z\u00a0USA a\u00a0nemaj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dnou pou\u017eitelnou evropskou alternativu. Z\u00a0dlouhodob\u00e9ho hlediska je neexistence efektivn\u00edho re\u017eimu sd\u00edlen\u00ed dat p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017ekou i pro pl\u00e1novan\u00e9 sjednocen\u00ed vnit\u0159n\u00edch trh\u016f EU a USA, TTIP, je\u017e je strategick\u00fdm c\u00edlem obou stran. Nakonec ani to, \u017ee data z\u016fstanou v\u00a0EU, zcela nezaru\u010duje jejich bezpe\u010d\u00ed, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b kdy\u017e k\u00a0nim maj\u00ed potenci\u00e1ln\u011b p\u0159\u00edstup vl\u00e1dn\u00ed agentury \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f, z\u00a0nich\u017e \u0159ada prohl\u00e1sila nekompromisnost v\u00a0boji proti terorismu, i\u00a0za cenu omezov\u00e1n\u00ed soukrom\u00ed. A\u010dkoli nen\u00ed zcela nezbytn\u00e9, aby byla bezpe\u010dnost posilov\u00e1na na \u00fakor pr\u00e1va na soukrom\u00ed, v\u00a0hysterii po pa\u0159\u00ed\u017esk\u00fdch teroristick\u00fdch \u00fatoc\u00edch jsou sly\u0161et p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm hlasy volaj\u00edc\u00ed po pos\u00edlen\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti za ka\u017edou cenu. Vypad\u00e1 to, jakoby z\u00a0t\u00e9to trajektorie nebylo cesty zp\u011bt, a tedy je pokryteck\u00e9 ukazovat prstem na americk\u00e9 standardy, kdy\u017e ty evropsk\u00e9 se pouze zhor\u0161uj\u00ed. \u0158e\u0161en\u00edm by samoz\u0159ejm\u011b bylo z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed evropsk\u00e9 tajn\u00e9 slu\u017eby s \u201efeder\u00e1ln\u00ed\u201c pravomoc\u00ed, je\u017e by ctila standardy, k\u00a0nim\u017e se hl\u00e1s\u00ed Soudn\u00ed dv\u016fr EU. To je ale v\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b v\u00a0nedohlednu.<\/p>\n

\"euus_privacyshield\"<\/a>
EU a Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty uzav\u0159ely r\u00e1mcovou \u00famluvu o nov\u00e9m re\u017eimu transferu dat mezi sebou. Nov\u00e1 dohoda m\u00e1 pracovn\u00ed n\u00e1zev Privacy Shield. Foto zdroj: www.ibtimes.com<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Po\u010d\u00e1tkem \u00fanora ozn\u00e1mila Evropsk\u00e1 komise<\/a>, \u017ee bylo dos\u00e1hnuto r\u00e1mcov\u00e9 \u00famluvy mezi EU a\u00a0Spojen\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty o nov\u00e9m re\u017eimu transferu dat mezi EU a USA. Nov\u00e1 dohoda m\u00e1 pracovn\u00ed n\u00e1zev Privacy Shield<\/em> (tedy \u0161t\u00edt pro ochranu soukrom\u00ed<\/em>). Jedn\u00e1n\u00ed prob\u00edhala za zav\u0159en\u00fdmi dve\u0159mi a zat\u00edm existuje pom\u011brn\u011b m\u00e1lo detailn\u00edch informac\u00ed o\u00a0dohod\u011b. Nov\u00fd re\u017eim m\u00e1 vy\u017eadovat p\u0159\u00edsn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pravidla pro americk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti nakl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00ed s\u00a0osobn\u00edmi \u00fadaji Evropan\u016f, roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9 kontroln\u00ed a vynucovac\u00ed povinnosti pro americk\u00e9 feder\u00e1ln\u00ed org\u00e1ny, transparentnost a \u00fa\u010dinnou pr\u00e1vn\u00ed ochranu pro p\u0159\u00edpad poru\u0161en\u00ed individu\u00e1ln\u00edch pr\u00e1v \u2013 m\u00e1 b\u00fdt t\u0159eba jmenov\u00e1n nez\u00e1visl\u00fd ombudsman, kter\u00fd by posuzoval st\u00ed\u017enosti ob\u010dan\u016f EU po\u0161kozen\u00fdch nevhodn\u00fdm nakl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00edm s\u00a0jejich osobn\u00edmi \u00fadaji ze strany americk\u00fdch \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f. Eurokomisa\u0159ka V\u011bra Jourov\u00e1 8. \u00fanora ozn\u00e1mila<\/a>, \u017ee zn\u011bn\u00ed dohody se nyn\u00ed dokon\u010duje a m\u011blo by b\u00fdt zve\u0159ejn\u011bno do konce \u00fanora. Pracovn\u00ed skupina slo\u017een\u00e1 ze z\u00e1stupc\u016f \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f pro ochranu osobn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f jednotliv\u00fdch \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f (Working Party 29, WP29<\/em>) by pak do konce b\u0159ezna m\u011bla vydat stanovisko, jestli je Privacy Shield<\/em> v\u00a0souladu s\u00a0evropsk\u00fdm pr\u00e1vem a jestli neexistuje p\u0159edpoklad, \u017ee by je mohl Soudn\u00ed dv\u016fr EU zru\u0161it ze stejn\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f jako Safe Harbor<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Existence dohody d\u00e1v\u00e1 nad\u011bji, \u017ee EU a USA dok\u00e1\u017eou naj\u00edt spole\u010dnou \u0159e\u010d i v\u00a0takov\u00fdch slo\u017eit\u00fdch ot\u00e1zk\u00e1ch, jako je ochrana osobn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f jejich ob\u010dan\u016f, a je nad\u011bje, \u017ee obdobn\u00fdm, ryze technick\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem, bez politick\u00e9ho n\u00e1boje, p\u016fjdou vy\u0159e\u0161it i dal\u0161\u00ed neshody stoj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00a0cest\u011b t\u0159eba implementaci TTIP. Bylo by v\u0161ak naivn\u00ed o\u010dek\u00e1vat, \u017ee dojedn\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00e9ho pr\u00e1vn\u00edho re\u017eimu automaticky povede ke zm\u011bn\u011b politiky americk\u00fdch st\u00e1tn\u00edch org\u00e1n\u016f a tam\u011bj\u0161\u00edho standardu ochrany osobn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f ve sv\u011btle boje proti terorismu.<\/p>\n

Nen\u00ed divu, \u017ee vzk\u0159\u00ed\u0161en\u00e1 Akta X<\/em> byla p\u0159ijata div\u00e1ky i kritiky velice vla\u017en\u011b. V\u0161udyp\u0159\u00edtomn\u00e1 kontrola, kter\u00e1 je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed p\u011btadvaceti lety byla n\u00e1pln\u00ed nap\u00ednav\u00e9 fikce, je dnes nudnou realitou a nen\u00ed kv\u016fli n\u00ed pot\u0159eba zap\u00ednat Akta X<\/em>, pouze aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy. Kdy\u017e dal\u0161\u00ed Edward Snowden zve\u0159ejn\u00ed materi\u00e1ly o snad je\u0161t\u011b \u0161ir\u0161\u00edch pravomocech tajn\u00fdch slu\u017eeb v\u00a0oblasti sb\u011bru dat, v\u011bt\u0161ina lid\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b pouze pokr\u010d\u00ed rameny a p\u0159epne kan\u00e1l.<\/p>\n

\"profil\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Vladim\u00edr B\u00edzik<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0p\u016fsob\u00ed jako spolupracovn\u00edk Analytick\u00e9ho t\u00fdmu think-tanku Evropsk\u00e9 hodnoty.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Korporace shroma\u017e\u010fuj\u00ed \u00fadaje o u\u017eivatel\u00edch zcela b\u011b\u017en\u011b, ty soukrom\u00e9 s c\u00edlem maximalizace zisku skrze adresn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed reklamu \u010di c\u00edlen\u011bj\u0161\u00ed slu\u017eby; ve\u0159ejnopr\u00e1vn\u00ed korporace zas s c\u00edlem boje proti kriminalit\u011b \u2013 tedy alespo\u0148 v to douf\u00e1me.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":15647,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[461],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3260","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-press-releases"],"yoast_head":"\nAkta X po evropsku - European Values Center for Security Policy<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/en\/akta-x-po-evropsku\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Akta X po evropsku - 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