{"id":2866,"date":"2012-12-09T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2012-12-09T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/prezident-v-zahranicni-politice-jak-namichat-koktejl-idealismu-a-realpolitiky\/"},"modified":"2021-12-16T12:26:25","modified_gmt":"2021-12-16T10:26:25","slug":"prezident-v-zahranicni-politice-jak-namichat-koktejl-idealismu-a-realpolitiky","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/en\/prezident-v-zahranicni-politice-jak-namichat-koktejl-idealismu-a-realpolitiky\/","title":{"rendered":"Prezident v zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politice: jak nam\u00edchat koktejl idealismu a realpolitiky?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Think-tank Evropsk\u00e9 hodnoty se v posledn\u00edm ze t\u0159\u00ed koment\u00e1\u0159\u016f k priorit\u00e1m budouc\u00edho prezidenta zam\u011b\u0159uje na zahrani\u010dn\u011bpolitick\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky ochrany lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v, zaji\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti a podpory \u010desk\u00fdch ekonomick\u00fdch z\u00e1jm\u016f.\u00a0Jak pokra\u010dovat v p\u0159etr\u017een\u00e9 humanistick\u00e9 prezidentsk\u00e9 tradici?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>Stav \u010desk\u00e9 zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politiky p\u0159ed prvn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edmou volbou prezidenta vypad\u00e1 tak, \u017ee premi\u00e9r s prezidentem ochranu lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v i p\u0159es vl\u00e1dou schv\u00e1lenou a jednozna\u010dn\u011b formulovanou Koncepci \u010desk\u00e9 zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politiky z roku 2011 v\u00fdslovn\u011b upoza\u010fuj\u00ed, nebo i\u00a0kritizuj<\/a>\u00ed. A to z pozic zd\u00e1nliv\u011b naprosto kontradiktorn\u00edho vztahu\u00a0k podpo\u0159e \u010desk\u00e9ho exportu<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u00a0P\u0159i zahrani\u010dn\u00edch cest\u00e1ch i setk\u00e1n\u00edch n\u00e1s navzdory t\u011bmto n\u00e1zor\u016fm opakovan\u011b zaujala ur\u010dit\u00e1 v\u00fdjime\u010dnost, d\u00edky n\u00ed\u017e byla \u010cesk\u00e9 zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politice vtisknuta unik\u00e1tn\u00ed a pozitivn\u00ed zna\u010dka, kter\u00e1 ji opakovan\u011b u \u010d\u00e1sti sv\u011btov\u00e9ho ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho m\u00edn\u011bn\u00ed odli\u0161uje od ostatn\u00edch. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee ji\u017e n\u00e1zev na\u0161\u00ed zem\u011b pat\u0159\u00ed od rozd\u011blen\u00ed \u010ceskoslovenska bohu\u017eel k t\u011bm mezin\u00e1rodn\u011b nejrozpa\u010dit\u011bj\u0161\u00edm a turist\u00e9 si podle pr\u016fzkum\u016f veden\u00fdch t\u011bsn\u011b p\u0159ed jejich odletem \u010cR spojuj\u00ed nejv\u00edce s pivem, \u201elevn\u00fdmi d\u00edvkami\u201c (cheap girls) a \u0161patn\u00fdmi slu\u017ebami, tak to nen\u00ed rozhodn\u011b pro kladn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zapamatov\u00e1n\u00ed na\u0161\u00ed zem\u011b m\u00e1lo.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Pozitivn\u00ed zna\u010dku je pot\u0159eba podle na\u0161eho n\u00e1zoru ope\u010dov\u00e1vat a rozv\u00edjet rovn\u011b\u017e v dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b. A to i v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed v t\u00e9to ot\u00e1zce slab\u0161\u00edch \u010di m\u00e9n\u011b \u010dinorod\u00fdch kandid\u00e1t\u016f na prezidenta. Politiku symbolick\u00e9 podpory i gest si mohla dovolit jenom sv\u011btov\u011b v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00e1 osobnost, je\u017e poru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v, v\u010detn\u011b mnohalet\u00e9ho v\u011bzn\u011bn\u00ed, za\u017eila na vlastn\u00ed k\u016f\u017ei a jej\u00ed\u017e p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh i podporuj\u00edc\u00ed prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed posilovala po l\u00e9ta disidenty v mnoha zem\u00edch sv\u011bta.<\/p>\n

Pova\u017eujeme za dobr\u00fd sign\u00e1l, \u017ee se postoje V\u00e1clava Havla staly inspirac\u00ed hned pro n\u011bkolik kandid\u00e1t\u016f. P\u0159esto by u drtiv\u00e9 v\u011bt\u0161iny z nich p\u0159\u00edli\u0161n\u00fd d\u016fraz na fr\u00e1ze bez dal\u0161\u00ed invence a praktick\u00fdch d\u016fsledn\u011b prosazovan\u00fdch krok\u016f mohl rychle za\u010d\u00edt p\u016fsobit sp\u00ed\u0161e trapn\u011b a nemusel by p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 re\u00e1ln\u011b nikomu pomoci. V\u00a0nov\u00e9 dob\u011b bude z\u00e1hodno lidskopr\u00e1vn\u00ed politiku podporovat i vzhledem k\u00a0men\u0161\u00ed velikosti prezidentsk\u00e9ho \u00fa\u0159adu zejm\u00e9na ve spolupr\u00e1ci s Ministerstvem zahrani\u010dn\u00edch v\u011bc\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u00a0Zam\u011b\u0159it se na spojence v EU<\/strong><\/p>\n

Velikost a geografick\u00e1 poloha \u010cR v\u016f\u010di ostatn\u00edm st\u00e1t\u016fm, kter\u00e9 kritizuje za poru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v nebo pom\u00e1h\u00e1 jejich obr\u00e1nc\u016fm p\u0159\u00edmo v\u00a0t\u011bchto zem\u00edch, d\u00e1le nevyhnuteln\u011b vol\u00e1 po tom, aby vedle Ministerstva zahrani\u010dn\u00edch v\u011bc\u00ed tak\u00e9 prezident pomohl pro v\u00e1\u017en\u011b m\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 a dlouhodob\u00e9 aktivity v t\u00e9to oblasti z\u00edsk\u00e1vat na osobn\u00ed \u00farovni alespo\u0148 ob\u010dasn\u00e9 spojence na nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edch pozic\u00edch.<\/p>\n

A to jak v\u00a0zem\u00edch Visegr\u00e1du, v\u00a0sou\u010dasnosti zejm\u00e9na v Polsku, tak i dal\u0161\u00edch st\u00e1tech EU naklon\u011bn\u00fdch dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v (\u0160v\u00e9dsko, D\u00e1nsko, Nizozemsko, Velk\u00e1 Brit\u00e1nie a podobn\u011b). P\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost p\u0159edstavuje v tomto aktu\u00e1ln\u011b i sou\u010dasn\u00fd n\u011bmeck\u00fd prezident s\u00a0bohatou osobn\u00ed zku\u0161enost\u00ed z\u00a0\u017eivota v NDR, i kdy\u017e je jeho postaven\u00ed v n\u011bmeck\u00e9m politick\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu slab\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e u n\u00e1s.<\/p>\n

Uveden\u00e9 st\u00e1ty by m\u011bly v\u00edce spojovat s\u00edly i p\u0159i u\u017e\u0161\u00edm koordinov\u00e1n\u00ed pomoci a financov\u00e1n\u00ed praktick\u00fdch aktivit nevl\u00e1dn\u00edch organizac\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na v r\u00e1mci V\u00fdchodn\u00edho partnerstv\u00ed. P\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b tam, kde to dostate\u010dn\u011b ned\u011bl\u00e1 EU samotn\u00e1 v r\u00e1mci mechanism\u016f podporuj\u00edc\u00edch lidsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va ve sv\u011bt\u011b p\u0159\u00edmo z Bruselu. Stejn\u011b tak je dobr\u00e9 posilovat instrumenty, kde za\u010dala b\u00fdt EU progresivn\u00ed v minulosti (jako u p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed lidskopr\u00e1vn\u00edch klauzul\u00ed do obchodn\u00edch dohod s\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdmi oblastmi ve sv\u011bt\u011b) a b\u00fdt p\u0159\u00edkladem pro ostatn\u00ed st\u00e1ty v jejich vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed na zahrani\u010dn\u00edch mis\u00edch.<\/p>\n

Ka\u017edodenn\u00ed strategicky zam\u011b\u0159enou politikou podpory lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v na \u00farovni Evropsk\u00e9 unie se posiluje hlas, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee \u010desk\u00e9 zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politice v\u00fdrazn\u011b vzhledem k\u00a0nepom\u011b\u0159iteln\u00e9 velikosti pomoci, stejn\u011b jako k \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed dobr\u00e9ho jm\u00e9na Unie, jej\u00ed\u017e jsme sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed. Pov\u011bst tohoto celku jako atraktivn\u00ed \u201esoft power\u201c zalo\u017een\u00e9 v mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed politice tak\u00e9 na hodnot\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 jin\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 mocnosti opom\u00edjej\u00ed, by m\u011bl i \u010desk\u00fd prezident p\u0159irozen\u011b ve sv\u00e9 pr\u00e1ci prioritizovat.<\/p>\n

Ve v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech by m\u011bl jako reprezentant \u010cR uk\u00e1zat sv\u016fj vlastn\u00ed konzistentn\u011b prosazovan\u00fd a z\u00e1sadov\u00fd postoj i tam, kde u v\u011bt\u0161iny evropsk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f zbyte\u010dn\u011b lehce p\u0159evl\u00e1dne pragmatismus jako tomu b\u00fdv\u00e1 t\u0159eba v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b Kuby. V\u00fdznamn\u00e1 role prezidenta, kter\u00fd bude hodnotov\u011b orientov\u00e1n, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt je\u0161t\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pro doby vl\u00e1dy ministr\u016f zahrani\u010d\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed budou tuto ot\u00e1zku z jak\u00fdchkoli d\u016fvod\u016f do\u010dasn\u011b zanedb\u00e1vat.<\/p>\n

Bezpe\u010dnost s glob\u00e1ln\u00edm pohledem<\/strong><\/p>\n

Z\u00e1sadov\u00fdmi postoji je mo\u017en\u00e9 podpo\u0159it partnery s podobn\u00fdmi hodnotami i v ot\u00e1zk\u00e1ch bezpe\u010dnosti. Nab\u00edz\u00ed se zde situace st\u00e1tu obklopen\u00e9ho zem\u011bmi v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00e9ho regionu, podporuj\u00edc\u00ed teroristick\u00e9 organizace a usiluj\u00edc\u00ed o jeho bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed i mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed oslaben\u00ed, jako je tomu v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b Izraele. V\u016fbec ot\u00e1zky bezpe\u010dnosti a zabra\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed hrozeb, kter\u00e9 hroz\u00ed ze strany nedemokratick\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f \u010di teroristick\u00fdch skupin, by m\u011bly b\u00fdt budouc\u00edm prezidentem v \u00fazk\u00e9 sou\u010dinnosti s ministerstvy zahrani\u010d\u00ed, obrany i zpravodajsk\u00fdmi slu\u017ebami mnohem \u010dast\u011bji oproti sou\u010dasnosti konzultov\u00e1ny ve vztahu k ohro\u017een\u00ed na\u0161ich n\u00e1rodn\u00edch z\u00e1jm\u016f i hodnot evropsk\u00e9 civilizace.<\/p>\n

Tak\u00e9 usilov\u00e1n\u00ed o budov\u00e1n\u00ed sebev\u011bdom\u00e9ho postoje Z\u00e1padu na stran\u011b jedn\u00e9 a vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9ho respektu s v\u00fdchodn\u011b le\u017e\u00edc\u00edmi mocnostmi, z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 podle na\u0161eho n\u00e1zoru st\u011b\u017eejn\u00ed. Prezident by se m\u011bl v\u00a0n\u00e1vaznosti na letitou historii nadstandardn\u00edch vztah\u016f sv\u00fdm mal\u00fdm d\u00edlem sna\u017eit \u00a0pom\u00e1hat udr\u017eovat a propojovat spolupr\u00e1ci evropsk\u00fdch a americk\u00fdch partner\u016f v bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch struktur\u00e1ch, i kdy\u017e se strategick\u00fd z\u00e1jem USA p\u0159esunul sm\u011brem k Asii. Oproti sou\u010dasn\u00e9mu prezidentovi by mohl tak\u00e9 o dost \u010dast\u011bji podpo\u0159it \u010desk\u00e9 voj\u00e1ky, kte\u0159\u00ed se spole\u010dn\u011b se spojenci \u010cR \u00fa\u010dastn\u00ed na zahrani\u010dn\u00edch mis\u00edch, v\u010detn\u011b ob\u010dasn\u00e9 n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvy p\u0159\u00edmo v m\u00edst\u011b jejich vykon\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>P\u0159\u00edm\u00e1 podpora obchodn\u00edch vztah\u016f jako samoz\u0159ejmost<\/strong><\/p>\n

Prezident m\u016f\u017ee sehr\u00e1vat sm\u011brem k premi\u00e9rovi i mezi konkr\u00e9tn\u00edmi ministry kladnou \u00falohu i v diskus\u00edch o dlouhodob\u011bj\u0161\u00edm slad\u011bn\u00ed ochrany lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v v\u00a0zahrani\u010d\u00ed s podporou exportu. I nevelk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty jako \u0160v\u00e9dsko, Norsko \u010di Nizozemsko n\u00e1m ukazuj\u00ed to, \u017ee zahrani\u010dn\u00ed lidskopr\u00e1vn\u00ed aktivity v\u00a0drtiv\u00e9 v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f s byznysem skloubit lze,\u00a0nap\u0159\u00edklad ve vztahu k Rusku. Podpora exportn\u00edch a podnikatelsk\u00fdch aktivit p\u0159i zahrani\u010dn\u00edch n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv\u00e1ch by jinak m\u011bla p\u0159isp\u00edvat k diversifikaci exportn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na sm\u011brem k zem\u00edm, na jejich\u017e trh nelze bez politick\u00e9 podpory na nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed \u00farovni proniknout.<\/p>\n

Vzhledem k\u00a0velikosti \u010cR nen\u00ed nutn\u00e9, aby se prezident za ka\u017edou cenu zam\u011b\u0159oval ty \u010d\u00e1sti exportn\u00ed strategie, kter\u00e9 opo\u017ed\u011bn\u011b kop\u00edruj\u00ed zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch evropsk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f sm\u011b\u0159uj\u00edc\u00edch na ob\u0159\u00ed trhy s jist\u00fdm \u010dasov\u00fdm, technologick\u00fdm i finan\u010dn\u00edm n\u00e1skokem oproti n\u00e1m. M\u016f\u017ee oproti tomu svoj\u00ed reprezentativn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dast zam\u011b\u0159it kup\u0159\u00edkladu na propagaci exportuj\u00edc\u00edch \u010desk\u00fdch firem i ve vybran\u00fdch st\u00e1tech men\u0161\u00ed a st\u0159edn\u00ed velikosti, v\u00a0jihov\u00fdchodn\u00ed Asii, men\u0161\u00edch zem\u00edch b\u00fdval\u00e9ho Sov\u011btsk\u00e9ho svazu \u010di jinde. Osobn\u00ed intervenc\u00ed a prohlubov\u00e1n\u00edm vztah\u016f m\u016f\u017ee ad hoc pos\u00edlit na\u0161e \u0161ance tam, kde se to z n\u011bjak\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f moment\u00e1ln\u011b nebude na\u0161im firm\u00e1m \u010di MZV a MPO a jejich diplomatick\u00fdm mis\u00edm a agentur\u00e1m da\u0159it.<\/p>\n

\u00a0Shrnut\u00ed na z\u00e1v\u011br<\/strong><\/p>\n

P\u0159es omezen\u00e9 \u00fastavn\u00ed pravomoci vy\u0161lapali p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edmu prezidentovi nebo prezidentce n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed z p\u0159ede\u0161l\u00fdch \u010desk\u00fdch st\u00e1tn\u00edk\u016f v tomto \u00fa\u0159ad\u011b cestu, jak m\u016f\u017ee uplat\u0148ovat sv\u016fj vliv v\u00a0nemal\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e p\u0159i obhajob\u011b n\u00e1rodn\u00edch z\u00e1jm\u016f – i v\u00a0Evrop\u011b sd\u00edlen\u00fdch hodnot – tak\u00e9 v zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politice. Jednotn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vnitrost\u00e1tn\u00ed koordinace by m\u011bla b\u00fdt automatick\u00e1 a v\u017edy dop\u0159edu dob\u0159e p\u0159ipravovan\u00e1, a to nejen s\u00a0Ministerstvem zahrani\u010d\u00ed, ale i s resorty obchodu a obrany. Prezident by se m\u011bl sna\u017eit tyto resorty spojovat a sm\u011brem do sv\u011bta posilovat, nikoli se p\u0159id\u00e1vat na stranu jednoho nebo druh\u00e9ho a p\u0159isp\u00edvat ke \u0161kodliv\u00fdm, \u010dasto pouze osobn\u00edm nebo mezipartajn\u00edm, antagonism\u016fm.<\/em><\/p>\n

V\u00edce sou\u010dasn\u00fdch kandid\u00e1t\u016f nav\u00edc zosob\u0148uje \u0161anci znovu i z prezidentsk\u00e9ho stolce posilovat zna\u010dku \u010ceska \u2013 jako\u017eto st\u00e1tu pou\u010den\u00e9ho ze sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed historie, kter\u00fd nezapom\u00edn\u00e1 na ty, jejich\u017e pr\u00e1va jsou po\u0161lap\u00e1v\u00e1na. A jeho\u017e nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed p\u0159edstavitel\u00e9 se v\u011bt\u0161inou nezdr\u00e1haj\u00ed hl\u00e1sit k hodnot\u00e1m, kter\u00e9 lid\u00e9 celosv\u011btov\u011b pova\u017euj\u00ed p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b za velmi pozitivn\u00ed pro d\u016fstojn\u00fd \u017eivot v\u00a0d\u016fstojn\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n

Bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed politiku by m\u011bl prezident prom\u00fd\u0161let jak v\u00a0souvislostech evropsk\u00fdch, tak by m\u011bl i posilovat vztahy se v\u0161emi dal\u0161\u00edmi partnery ve sv\u011bt\u011b, kte\u0159\u00ed se hl\u00e1s\u00ed k\u00a0hodnot\u00e1m Z\u00e1padu.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/strong><\/p>\n

Koment\u00e1\u0159e Evropsk\u00fdch hodnot k\u00a0evropsk\u00fdm a vnitrost\u00e1tn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitostem pro politiku nov\u00e9ho prezidenta naleznete\u00a0zde<\/a>\u00a0a\u00a0zde<\/a>\u00a0.<\/p>\n

K t\u00e9matu priorit \u010desk\u00e9 zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politiky mezi podporou lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v a ekonomick\u00fdch z\u00e1jm\u016f uspo\u0159\u00e1dal think-tank Evropsk\u00e9 hodnoty ve\u0159ejnou diskusi (ji\u017e sedmou ze s\u00e9rie Debaty o \u010desk\u00fdch z\u00e1jmech<\/a>) a v\u00a0r\u00e1mci sv\u00e9ho studentsk\u00e9ho programu publikoval\u00a0background paper<\/a>.<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Think-tank Evropsk\u00e9 hodnoty se v posledn\u00edm ze t\u0159\u00ed koment\u00e1\u0159\u016f k priorit\u00e1m budouc\u00edho prezidenta zam\u011b\u0159uje na zahrani\u010dn\u011bpolitick\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky ochrany lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v, zaji\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti a podpory \u010desk\u00fdch ekonomick\u00fdch z\u00e1jm\u016f.\u00a0Jak pokra\u010dovat v p\u0159etr\u017een\u00e9 humanistick\u00e9 prezidentsk\u00e9 tradici?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":15647,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[212],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2866","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nezarazeno"],"yoast_head":"\nPrezident v zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politice: jak nam\u00edchat koktejl idealismu a realpolitiky? - European Values Center for Security Policy<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/en\/prezident-v-zahranicni-politice-jak-namichat-koktejl-idealismu-a-realpolitiky\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Prezident v zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politice: jak nam\u00edchat koktejl idealismu a realpolitiky? 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