Velk\u00e1 Brit\u00e1nie<\/a> pl\u00e1nuje zm\u011bnit svou legislativn\u00ed definici \u0161pion\u00e1\u017ee a zaveden\u00ed povinn\u00e9ho registru lobist\u016f, co\u017e je mechanismus dob\u0159e funguj\u00edc\u00ed ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech nebo v Austr\u00e1lii.<\/p>\n\u010cesk\u00e9 politick\u00e9 strany a vl\u00e1da by tak m\u011bly prosazovat n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed kroky:<\/p>\n
1. Legislativn\u011b upravit definici vyzv\u011bda\u010dstv\u00ed tak, aby ne\u0161lo pouze o ohro\u017een\u00ed utajovan\u00fdch skute\u010dnost\u00ed, ale i o dlouhodob\u00e9, v\u011bdom\u00e9 a systematick\u00e9 \u010dinnosti ve prosp\u011bch ciz\u00ed moci, kter\u00e1 z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem \u00fato\u010d\u00ed na \/ ohro\u017euje hodnoty vymezen\u00e9 t\u00edmto paragrafem (suverenita, demokratick\u00fd charakter st\u00e1tu). Roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it i na pr\u00e1vnick\u00e9 osoby.<\/p>\n
2. Po americk\u00e9m nebo australsk\u00e9m vzoru zav\u00e9st z\u00e1kon o lobbingu, kter\u00fd bude obsahovat povinnost deklarovat zahrani\u010dn\u00ed klienty, pro kter\u00e9 dan\u00e1 osoba z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 informace nebo prosazuje jejich z\u00e1jmy. Dosavadn\u00ed vl\u00e1dn\u00ed n\u00e1vrhy z\u00e1kona o lobbingu byly nedostate\u010dn\u00e9, proto\u017ee se p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 \u00fazce soust\u0159edily na ovliv\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed legislativy.<\/p>\n
3. Rozhodnut\u00edm ministra financ\u00ed zah\u00e1jit systematick\u00e9 zac\u00edlen\u00ed a pos\u00edlen\u00ed da\u0148ov\u00fdch kontrol na subjekty spjat\u00e9 s v\u00fdznamn\u00fdmi finan\u010dn\u00edmi toky z rizikov\u00fdch zem\u00ed mimo EU, kter\u00e9 dlouhodob\u011b nespolupracuj\u00ed s \u010desk\u00fdmi org\u00e1ny \u010dinn\u00fdmi v trestn\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a s da\u0148ov\u00fdmi org\u00e1ny. Typicky se jedn\u00e1 o tzv. tvrd\u00e9 offshore destinace \u010di Ruskou federaci. Z pozice zahrani\u010dn\u011b-bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edho vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed je to d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 pro dal\u0161\u00ed znesnadn\u011bn\u00ed zapojen\u00ed toxick\u00e9ho zahrani\u010dn\u00edho kapit\u00e1lu do podnik\u00e1n\u00ed v \u010cR a EU, vrstven\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00edch transakc\u00ed a v\u00fdsledn\u00e9 legalizace majetku prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm navazuj\u00edc\u00edho leg\u00e1ln\u00edho podnik\u00e1n\u00ed v \u010cR \u2013 typicky v oblasti nemovitost\u00ed.<\/p>\n
4. Rozhodnut\u00edm ministra financ\u00ed zv\u00fd\u0161it person\u00e1ln\u00ed kapacity Finan\u010dn\u00edho analytick\u00e9ho \u00fatvaru. Aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed kapacita FA\u00da je pln\u011b vyt\u00ed\u017eena, co\u017e znamen\u00e1 re\u00e1ln\u00e9 p\u0159et\u00ed\u017een\u00ed jeho pracovn\u00edk\u016f p\u0159i spolupr\u00e1ci s org\u00e1ny \u010dinn\u00fdmi v trestn\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, zpravodajsk\u00fdmi slu\u017ebami i zahrani\u010dn\u00edmi partnery. Nav\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed kapacity cca n\u00edzk\u00e9 des\u00edtky specialist\u016f by m\u011blo b\u00fdt znateln\u00fdm impulsem pro zrychlen\u00ed jejich pr\u00e1ce a z\u00e1rove\u0148 by to umo\u017enilo pos\u00edlen\u00ed st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed dob\u0159e nastaven\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ce se zahrani\u010dn\u00edmi partnery z EU a USA p\u0159i vyhled\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a eliminaci podez\u0159el\u00fdch finan\u010dn\u00edch a majetkov\u00fdch tok\u016f z Ruska, Ukrajiny, \u00c1zerb\u00e1jd\u017e\u00e1nu i dal\u0161\u00edch postsov\u011btsk\u00fdch zem\u00ed do \u010cR a EU. \u010cR zde re\u00e1ln\u011b hroz\u00ed, \u017ee pokud nezv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed v tomto ohledu sv\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed, bude i nad\u00e1le vn\u00edm\u00e1na jako p\u0159\u00edv\u011btiv\u00e1, klidn\u00e1 a pro toxick\u00fd finan\u010dn\u00ed kapit\u00e1l bezpe\u010dn\u00e1 EU destinace pro asset management oligarch\u016f i st\u00e1tn\u00edch akt\u00e9r\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed tento toxick\u00fd kapit\u00e1l vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed nap\u0159. i pro financov\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u00fdch ideo-vlivov\u00fdch aktivit.<\/p>\n
5. Zav\u00e9st po vzoru Spojen\u00e9ho kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed legislativu obracej\u00edc\u00ed d\u016fkazn\u00ed b\u0159emeno v p\u0159\u00edpadech zahrani\u010dn\u00edch subjekt\u016f ze t\u0159et\u00edch zem\u00ed mimo EU p\u0159i podez\u0159en\u00ed na poru\u0161en\u00ed z\u00e1kona o legalizaci v\u00fdnos\u016f z trestn\u00e9 \u010dinnosti. Podez\u0159el\u00fd subjekt by musel s\u00e1m prok\u00e1zat leg\u00e1lnost nabyt\u00ed majetku. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b neprok\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed by byl majetek zat\u00ed\u017een vysokou sank\u010dn\u00ed dan\u00ed. Inspirovat se \u0161v\u00fdcarskou \u010di italskou pr\u00e1vn\u00ed prax\u00ed, kde pr\u00e1vn\u00ed \u00faprava i judikatura dosp\u011bla k z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee nen\u00ed t\u0159eba v\u017edy ve v\u0161ech p\u0159\u00edpadech prok\u00e1zat zdrojov\u00fd trestn\u00fd \u010din. Probl\u00e9mem toti\u017e \u010dasto je prok\u00e1zat zdrojov\u00fd trestn\u00ed \u010din, z kter\u00e9ho finance poch\u00e1zej\u00ed, jeliko\u017e ten b\u00fdv\u00e1 prov\u00e1d\u011bn st\u00e1tn\u00ed spr\u00e1vou nebo ve spolupr\u00e1ci s n\u00ed ze st\u00e1t\u016f, kter\u00e9 s \u010desk\u00fdmi org\u00e1ny re\u00e1ln\u011b nespolupracuj\u00ed.<\/p>\n
6. Legislativn\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161it trestn\u00ed sazby u trestn\u00e9ho \u010dinu poru\u0161en\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch sankc\u00ed s c\u00edlem odstra\u0161it vykonavatele tohoto trestn\u00e9ho \u010dinu \u2013 jde zejm\u00e9na o poskytovatele \u201eexpertn\u00edch slu\u017eeb\u201c, kte\u0159\u00ed tak budou v\u00edce odrazov\u00e1ni od zapojen\u00ed se do takov\u00fdchto sch\u00e9mat. Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed trestn\u00ed sazby tak\u00e9 procesn\u011b umo\u017en\u00ed jednodu\u0161eji nasadit operativn\u00ed techniku p\u0159i dokazov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Rusko a \u010c\u00edna vykon\u00e1vaj\u00ed rozs\u00e1hlou \u0161pion\u00e1\u017e a vlivov\u00e9 operace proti evropsk\u00fdm demokraci\u00edm. N\u011bkter\u00e9 st\u00e1ty si uv\u011bdomily, \u017ee jejich obrann\u00fd arzen\u00e1l je v\u016f\u010di sou\u010dasn\u00e9mu rozsahu nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00fdch aktivit nedostate\u010dn\u00fd a proto modernizuj\u00ed sv\u00e9 trestn\u00ed z\u00e1kon\u00edky. Nap\u0159\u00edklad Velk\u00e1 Brit\u00e1nie pl\u00e1nuje zm\u011bnit svou legislativn\u00ed definici \u0161pion\u00e1\u017ee a zaveden\u00ed povinn\u00e9ho registru lobist\u016f, co\u017e je mechanismus dob\u0159e funguj\u00edc\u00ed ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":4919,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[479],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7455","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-recommendation-of-the-week"],"yoast_head":"\n
\u010cesko by m\u011blo z\u00e1sadn\u011b zp\u0159\u00edsnit legislativu proti nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e9mu zahrani\u010dn\u00edmu vlivu - European Values Center for Security Policy<\/title>\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\t \n\t \n\t \n \n \n \n\t \n\t \n\t \n