{"id":4974,"date":"2013-03-24T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2013-03-23T22:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/kolik-penez-dava-cesko-na-svou-obranu-2\/"},"modified":"2021-12-16T12:21:04","modified_gmt":"2021-12-16T10:21:04","slug":"kolik-penez-dava-cesko-na-svou-obranu-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/cs\/kolik-penez-dava-cesko-na-svou-obranu-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Kolik pen\u011bz d\u00e1v\u00e1 \u010cesko na svou obranu?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Pln\u00edme sv\u00e9 z\u00e1vazky k\u00a0NATO? Vyd\u00e1v\u00e1 \u010cesk\u00e1 republika dostatek prost\u0159edk\u016f na svou obranu? O vyzbrojov\u00e1n\u00ed Arm\u00e1dy \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky po\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1 ve st\u0159edu 27. b\u0159ezna think-tank Evropsk\u00e9 hodnoty\u00a0ve\u0159ejnou debatu<\/a>\u00a0s\u00a0\u00fa\u010dast\u00ed odborn\u00edk\u016f i st\u00ednov\u00e9ho ministra obrany.<\/em><\/p>\n

Evropa za\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 nyn\u00ed z\u00a0vojensk\u00e9ho hlediska nejbezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed obdob\u00ed sv\u00fdch d\u011bjin, co\u017e stvrzuje i staronov\u00e1 strategick\u00e1 koncepce NATO, podle kter\u00e9 hrozba konven\u010dn\u00edho \u00fatoku na \u010dlensk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty je n\u00edzk\u00e1. Pokud se tyto strategick\u00e9 propo\u010dty zkombinuj\u00ed s\u00a0vleklou ekonomickou kriz\u00ed v\u00a0Evrop\u011b, nen\u00ed slo\u017eit\u00e9 odhadnout, \u017ee se situace citeln\u011b prom\u00edtne do vojensk\u00fdch rozpo\u010dt\u016f evropsk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f v\u010detn\u011b \u010cesk\u00e1 republiky.<\/p>\n

\u00a0V\u00fdrazn\u00e9 sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fddaj\u016f na obranu ale nen\u00ed na m\u00edst\u011b a st\u00e1v\u00e1 se p\u0159edm\u011btem d\u016frazn\u00e9 kritiky evropsk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f ze strany USA, kter\u00e9 nad\u00e1le odm\u00edtaj\u00ed platit za evropskou bezpe\u010dnost. Z\u00a0Washingtonu st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji zazn\u00edv\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka, jestli je spravedliv\u00e9, \u017ee USA dotuj\u00ed evropskou bezpe\u010dnost, zat\u00edmco evropsk\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy dotuj\u00ed sv\u00e9 rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 soci\u00e1ln\u00ed syst\u00e9my.<\/p>\n

\u00a0P\u0159i vstupu do Aliance se st\u00e1ty zavazuj\u00ed, \u017ee budou na obranu vynakl\u00e1dat nejm\u00e9n\u011b 2 % sv\u00e9ho HDP, a tento z\u00e1vazek se samoz\u0159ejm\u011b t\u00fdk\u00e1 i nov\u00fdch \u010dlen\u016f. Av\u0161ak tato hranice nen\u00ed dlouhodob\u011b dodr\u017eov\u00e1na nejen \u010ceskou republikou, ale ani ostatn\u00edmi spojenci v\u00a0Alianci. Podle dat uv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00fdch na ofici\u00e1ln\u00edm webu NATO spl\u0148ovaly tuto hranici v\u00a0roce 2011 pouze USA, Velk\u00e1 Brit\u00e1nie a \u0158ecko, t\u011bsn\u011b pod hranic\u00ed z\u016fstaly je\u0161t\u011b Turecko a Francie. Zaj\u00edmav\u00e1 jsou \u010d\u00edsla z\u00a0jednotliv\u00fdch kontinent\u016f. Zat\u00edmco severoamerick\u00e9 st\u00e1ty (tj. USA a Kanada) p\u0159isp\u00edvaly v\u00a0roce 2011 do sv\u00e9ho obrann\u00e9ho rozpo\u010dtu celkem 4,5 % HDP, u evropsk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f se jednalo o\u00a0pouh\u00fdch 1,6 %.<\/a><\/p>\n

\u00a0Dom\u00e1c\u00ed statistiky<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0Pokud se podrobn\u011bji pod\u00edv\u00e1me na\u00a0obrann\u00e9 v\u00fddaje<\/a>\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 republiky, tak v\u00a0roce 2011 s\u00a01,2 % HDP vynakl\u00e1dan\u00fdmi na obranu pat\u0159ila k\u00a0podpr\u016fm\u011bru mezi evropsk\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty. Procentn\u00ed pod\u00edl obrann\u00fdch v\u00fddaj\u016f vykazoval klesaj\u00edc\u00ed tendenci od roku 2005, kdy \u010cR hranici 2 % naposledy splnila. Podle schv\u00e1len\u00e9ho rozpo\u010dtu na rok 2013 pl\u00e1nuje \u010cesk\u00e1 republika vydat na rezort Ministerstva obrany 1,08 % HDP, co\u017e je pod\u00edl, kter\u00fd je o n\u011bco m\u00e1lo ne\u017e polovina z\u00e1vazku v\u016f\u010di na\u0161\u00ed spojeneck\u00e9 alianci.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

(zdroj: Ministerstvo obrany \u010cR)<\/em><\/p>\n

Ministerstvo obrany tvo\u0159\u00ed samostatnou kapitolu st\u00e1tn\u00edho rozpo\u010dtu, do n\u00ed\u017e mimo jin\u00e9 spadaj\u00ed jak finance na chod samotn\u00e9ho ministerstva, tak i v\u00fddaje na arm\u00e1du, v\u010detn\u011b n\u00e1kup\u016f techniky, plat\u016f i zahrani\u010dn\u00edch mis\u00ed \u010desk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy. Sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00edch zdroj\u016f alokovan\u00fdch pro tuto kapitolu tedy ohro\u017euje \u0161irok\u00e9 spektrum mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch aktivit \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky, ale tak\u00e9 investice do vojensk\u00e9 techniky, v\u00fdzkum v\u00a0t\u00e9to oblasti \u010di pracovn\u00ed m\u00edsta na samotn\u00e9m ministerstvu. P\u0159ed dal\u0161\u00edm pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00edm tohoto trendu varoval nejen b\u00fdval\u00fd ministr obrany, Alexandr Vondra, ale i gener\u00e1ln\u00ed tajemn\u00edk NATO Anders Fogh Rasmussen.<\/p>\n

\u00a0N\u00edzk\u00e9 v\u00fddaje: dopady a v\u00fdchodiska<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0A\u010dkoliv \u017eijeme nyn\u00ed v\u00a0relativn\u011b klidn\u00e9m obdob\u00ed, klesaj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00fddaje na obranu mohou m\u00edt postupem \u010dasu siln\u011b negativn\u00ed dopady na na\u0161i bezpe\u010dnost. \u010cesk\u00e1 republika i spojenci \u010del\u00ed nov\u00fdm hrozb\u00e1m a v\u00a0okoln\u00edch sv\u011btad\u00edlech vznikaj\u00ed region\u00e1ln\u00ed velmoci, kter\u00e9 sice nevykazuj\u00ed nyn\u00ed nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e9 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed v\u016f\u010di Evrop\u011b, av\u0161ak s\u00a0rostouc\u00edm vlivem vzr\u016fstaj\u00ed i jejich ambice a mocensk\u00e9 z\u00e1jmy, kter\u00e9 nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt v\u00a0souladu s\u00a0na\u0161imi. V\u00a0neposledn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b m\u00e1 sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fddaj\u016f na obranu dopady na vztahy mezi jednotliv\u00fdmi \u010dlensk\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty NATO.<\/p>\n

\u00a0Sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed vojensk\u00fdch rozpo\u010dt\u016f vede k\u00a0omezov\u00e1n\u00ed aktivit i iniciativ Aliance a p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm k\u00a0pocitu nespravedlnosti u Ameri\u010dan\u016f,\u00a0kter\u00fdm p\u0159ijde<\/a>, \u017ee plat\u00ed do alian\u010dn\u00edho rozpo\u010dtu p\u0159\u00edli\u0161, zat\u00edmco Evropa na sv\u00e9 obran\u011b \u0161et\u0159\u00ed. Vzhledem k jejich\u00a0posledn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed strategii, kde byl jasn\u011b zn\u00e1t posun z\u00e1jm\u016f USA sm\u011brem k\u00a0Asii by evropsk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty, \u010ceskou republiku nevyj\u00edmaje, m\u011bly b\u00fdt p\u0159ipraveny p\u0159evz\u00edt zodpov\u011bdnost za svou bezpe\u010dnost ve chv\u00edli, kdy jejich nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed spojenec u\u017e nebude m\u00edt z\u00e1jem se na \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed dan\u00e9 situace pod\u00edlet.<\/p>\n

\u00a0V\u00fdchodiska ze situace, kdy je t\u0159eba na obranu vynakl\u00e1dat stabiln\u00ed a dostate\u010dn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed prost\u0159edk\u016f pro udr\u017een\u00ed schopnost\u00ed odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00edch vojensk\u00fdm ambic\u00edm \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 reagovat na ekonomickou situaci doma i sv\u011bt\u011b, je mo\u017en\u00e9 hledat jak na mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed, tak i na vnitrost\u00e1tn\u00ed \u00farovni. Za prv\u00e9, evropsk\u00fd prostor nab\u00edz\u00ed p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti pro spolupr\u00e1ci na poli obrany v\u00a0podob\u011b region\u00e1ln\u00edch iniciativ \u010di politick\u00fdch r\u00e1mc\u016f mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch organizac\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u00a0V\u00a0t\u00e9to oblasti vystupuje nejv\u00fdrazn\u011bji NATO, kter\u00e9 usiluje o koordinaci vojensk\u00fdch investic \u010dlensk\u00fdch zem\u00ed a\u0165 u\u017e v\u00a0podob\u011b programu Smart defence, Connected forces initiative nebo dal\u0161\u00edch mnohon\u00e1rodn\u00edch projekt\u016f. Z\u00a0hlediska NATO, kter\u00e9 \u010cesk\u00e1 republika pova\u017euje za hlavn\u00edho garanta sv\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti, je kritick\u00e9, aby arm\u00e1dy \u010dlensk\u00fdch zem\u00ed byly interoperabiln\u00ed a p\u0159inejmen\u0161\u00edm posta\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed pro napln\u011bn\u00ed po\u017eadavk\u016f na schopnosti Aliance jako celku.<\/p>\n

\u00a0Druh\u00e1 cesta, jak z\u00edskat prost\u0159edky pro obrann\u00e9 investice vede p\u0159es dom\u00e1c\u00ed teritorium a zlep\u0161en\u00ed sou\u010dasn\u00fdch praktik. B\u00edl\u00e1 kniha o obran\u011b z\u00a0roku 2011 identifikuje n\u011bkolik doporu\u010den\u00ed, z\u00a0nich\u017e mnoh\u00e9 by vedly k\u00a0v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm finan\u010dn\u00edm \u00faspor\u00e1m. Nejkriti\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je v\u00a0tomto ohledu syst\u00e9m vojensk\u00fdch akvizic, kter\u00fd vede k\u00a0pl\u00fdtv\u00e1n\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00edmi prost\u0159edky: \u201eB\u011bhem minul\u00fdch deseti let se v d\u016fsledku nekoncep\u010dn\u00edch \u0161krt\u016f v\u00a0rozpo\u010dtu a z nich plynouc\u00edch odklad\u016f investic a kv\u016fli nesyst\u00e9mov\u00fdm investic\u00edm a p\u0159edra\u017een\u00fdm zak\u00e1zk\u00e1m nahromadil deficit na v\u00fdzbroji, technice, materi\u00e1lu a nemovit\u00e9 infrastruktu\u0159e\u201c<\/em>(B\u00edl\u00e1 kniha o obran\u011b. 2011. Praha: Ministerstvo obrany, str. 13.).<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0V\u00a0dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b nen\u00ed moudr\u00e9 pl\u00fdtvat finan\u010dn\u00edmi prost\u0159edky, ale ani br\u00e1t svou bezpe\u010dnost jako samoz\u0159ejmost. Investice do vojensk\u00e9 oblasti v\u00a0dob\u011b, kdy \u010cesk\u00e1 republika ne\u010del\u00ed bezprost\u0159edn\u00edmu vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmu ohro\u017een\u00ed, nep\u0159inesou ministrovi obrany politick\u00e9 body, ani p\u0159\u00edze\u0148 voli\u010d\u016f. Ale kdo jin\u00fd by m\u011bl l\u00e9pe v\u011bd\u011bt, \u017ee pokud jednou bude muset b\u00fdt Evropa pln\u011b zodpov\u011bdn\u00e1 za svou bezpe\u010dnost, je lep\u0161\u00ed se na to p\u0159edem p\u0159ipravit, \u010ceskou republiku nevyj\u00edmaje.<\/p>\n

K t\u00e9matu jsme napsali analytick\u00fd paper.\u00a0Cel\u00fd si jej m\u016f\u017eete\u00a0p\u0159e\u010d\u00edst ZDE<\/a><\/strong>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Shl\u00e9dn\u011bte na\u0161i videopozv\u00e1nku na st\u0159ede\u010dn\u00ed ve\u0159ejnou debatu:<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/object><\/p>\n

KDY:\u00a0<\/strong>ve st\u0159edu 27. b\u0159ezna od 17:00 \u2013 18:40 (vstup do s\u00e1lu je umo\u017en\u011bn od 16:30)<\/p>\n

KDE<\/strong>: v Divadeln\u00edm s\u00e1le Malostransk\u00e9 besedy (1. patro), Malostransk\u00e9 n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed 35\/21, Praha<\/p>\n

REGISTRUJTE<\/strong>\u00a0se jednoduch\u00fdm formul\u00e1\u0159em\u00a0https:\/\/tiny.cc\/2waztw<\/a>\u00a0(zb\u00fdvaj\u00ed posledn\u00ed m\u00edsta).<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pln\u00edme sv\u00e9 z\u00e1vazky k\u00a0NATO? Vyd\u00e1v\u00e1 \u010cesk\u00e1 republika dostatek prost\u0159edk\u016f na svou obranu? O vyzbrojov\u00e1n\u00ed Arm\u00e1dy \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky po\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1 ve st\u0159edu 27. b\u0159ezna think-tank Evropsk\u00e9 hodnoty\u00a0ve\u0159ejnou debatu\u00a0s\u00a0\u00fa\u010dast\u00ed odborn\u00edk\u016f i st\u00ednov\u00e9ho ministra obrany.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":15647,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4974","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nKolik pen\u011bz d\u00e1v\u00e1 \u010cesko na svou obranu? - European Values Center for Security Policy<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/cs\/kolik-penez-dava-cesko-na-svou-obranu-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Kolik pen\u011bz d\u00e1v\u00e1 \u010cesko na svou obranu? - European Values Center for Security Policy\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Pln\u00edme sv\u00e9 z\u00e1vazky k\u00a0NATO? 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