{"id":44604,"date":"2026-10-06T11:44:42","date_gmt":"2026-10-06T09:44:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/?p=44604"},"modified":"2026-10-07T11:54:09","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T09:54:09","slug":"how-much-punishment-is-enough-taiwans-debate-over-caning-criminal-justice-and-human-rights","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/cs\/how-much-punishment-is-enough-taiwans-debate-over-caning-criminal-justice-and-human-rights\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak p\u0159\u00edsn\u00fd trest je p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00fd? Tchajwansk\u00e1 debata o bit\u00ed hol\u00ed, trestn\u00edm soudnictv\u00ed a lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1vech"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"44604\" class=\"elementor elementor-44604\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-77dbe83f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"77dbe83f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2e19395e\" data-id=\"2e19395e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1692b015 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1692b015\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<style>.elementor-element-1692b015{display:none !important}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-68d74722 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"68d74722\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Foto: Unsplash.com<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-183da286 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"183da286\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7023e63b\" data-id=\"7023e63b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-3c37d7ec elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3c37d7ec\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-no-translation=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-13ffa8c1\" data-id=\"13ffa8c1\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2237081d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2237081d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>Co se d\u011bje?<\/h2><p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tchaj-wan znovu otev\u00edr\u00e1 z\u00e1sadn\u00ed debatu o tom, jak daleko m\u016f\u017ee st\u00e1t zach\u00e1zet p\u0159i trest\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdch trestn\u00fdch \u010din\u016f. Dne 30. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed p\u0159edstavili poslanci \u010c\u00ednsk\u00e9 n\u00e1rodn\u00ed strany (KMT) pl\u00e1ny na <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rti.org.tw\/en\/news?uid=3&amp;pid=234902\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">novelizaci trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kon\u00edku<\/a> s c\u00edlem <strong>zav\u00e9st trest bit\u00edm hol\u00ed<\/strong>, a to pouh\u00fd m\u011bs\u00edc pot\u00e9, co \u00dast\u0159edn\u00ed volebn\u00ed komise (CEC) <a href=\"https:\/\/focustaiwan.tw\/politics\/202608280025\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">zam\u00edtla<\/a> pokus o vyps\u00e1n\u00ed celost\u00e1tn\u00edho referenda k t\u00e9to ot\u00e1zce.<\/p><p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dle n\u00e1vrhu KMT by soudy mohly <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rti.org.tw\/en\/news?uid=3&amp;pid=234902\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ulo\u017eit<\/a> t\u0159i a\u017e dvan\u00e1ct ran jako dodate\u010dn\u00fd trest za trestn\u00e9 \u010diny, mezi n\u011b\u017e pat\u0159\u00ed sexu\u00e1ln\u00ed napaden\u00ed s p\u0159it\u011b\u017euj\u00edc\u00edmi okolnostmi, z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 t\u00fdr\u00e1n\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed, rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 podvody a \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pod vlivem omamn\u00fdch l\u00e1tek s n\u00e1sledkem smrti nebo v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9ho zran\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p><p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">N\u00e1vrh navazuje na iniciativu, kterou <a href=\"https:\/\/www.taipeitimes.com\/News\/taiwan\/archives\/2026\/04\/13\/2003855523\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">na za\u010d\u00e1tku tohoto roku<\/a> zah\u00e1jili poslanci KMT. Ti argumentovali, \u017ee by se<strong> v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdch trestn\u00fdch \u010din\u016f <\/strong>m\u011blo <strong>zv\u00e1\u017eit zaveden\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch trest\u016f<\/strong>. Poslanec KMT Chung Meng-kchaj (Hung Meng-kai, \u6d2a\u5b5f\u6977), jeden z hlavn\u00edch zast\u00e1nc\u016f n\u00e1vrhu, tuto ot\u00e1zku p\u0159edstavil mimo jin\u00e9 jako hled\u00e1n\u00ed rovnov\u00e1hy mezi lidsk\u00fdmi pr\u00e1vy pachatel\u016f na jedn\u00e9 stran\u011b a ve\u0159ejnou bezpe\u010dnost\u00ed a z\u00e1jmy ob\u011bt\u00ed na stran\u011b druh\u00e9. N\u00e1vrh nakonec z\u00edskal <a href=\"https:\/\/www.taipeitimes.com\/News\/taiwan\/archives\/2026\/05\/27\/2003858053\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">podporu<\/a> v\u0161ech 52 poslanc\u016f KMT. Pot\u00e9, co CEC v srpnu navrhovan\u00e9 referendum zam\u00edtla, hodl\u00e1 nyn\u00ed poslaneck\u00fd klub KMT <a href=\"https:\/\/www.taipeitimes.com\/News\/taiwan\/archives\/2026\/09\/30\/2003865154\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">p\u0159edlo\u017eit<\/a> n\u00e1vrhy novel b\u011bhem aktu\u00e1ln\u00edho zased\u00e1n\u00ed parlamentu.<\/p><h2>Jak\u00e9 jsou \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed souvislosti?<\/h2><p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">N\u00e1vrh na zaveden\u00ed trestu bit\u00edm hol\u00ed p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed v zaj\u00edmav\u00e9m okam\u017eiku z hlediska v\u00fdvoje tchajwansk\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu trestn\u00edho soudnictv\u00ed. Zat\u00edmco z\u00e1konod\u00e1rci usiluj\u00ed o zaveden\u00ed nov\u00e9 formy t\u011blesn\u00e9ho trestu, tchajwansk\u00e9 \u00fastavn\u00ed instituce z\u00e1rove\u0148 <strong>zp\u0159\u00edsnily omezen\u00ed<\/strong> pro nejt\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed trest, kter\u00fd st\u00e1t uplat\u0148uje: trest smrti. V z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2024 tchajwansk\u00fd <a href=\"https:\/\/cons.judicial.gov.tw\/en\/docdata.aspx?fid=5535&amp;id=355776\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00dastavn\u00ed soud<\/a> <strong>potvrdil trest smrti <\/strong>pro ur\u010dit\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpady premeditovan\u00fdch vra\u017ed, ale z\u00fa\u017eil okruh okolnost\u00ed, za kter\u00fdch jej lze ulo\u017eit. Soud <strong>omezil trest smrti<\/strong> na ty \u201enejz\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed\u201c p\u0159\u00edpady a pos\u00edlil procesn\u00ed z\u00e1ruky, v\u010detn\u011b po\u017eadavku na jednomysln\u00e9 rozhodnut\u00ed soudc\u016f.<\/p><p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Toto rozhodnut\u00ed tedy nen\u00ed \u00fapln\u00fdm zru\u0161en\u00edm trestu smrti. Poprava Chuang Lin-kchaje (Huang Lin-kai, \u9ec3\u9e9f\u51f1), odsouzen\u00e9ho za zn\u00e1siln\u011bn\u00ed a dvojn\u00e1sobnou vra\u017edu, v lednu 2025 byla <a href=\"https:\/\/www.taiwanplus.com\/news\/taiwan-news\/human-rights\/250117027\/taiwan-executes-first-death-row-inmate-under-president-lai\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">prvn\u00ed<\/a> popravou na Tchaj-wanu po t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 p\u011btilet\u00e9 pauze a rovn\u011b\u017e prvn\u00ed za vl\u00e1dy prezidenta Laje. Jej\u00ed vykon\u00e1n\u00ed vyvolalo kritiku ze strany lidskopr\u00e1vn\u00edch organizac\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amnesty.org\/en\/latest\/news\/2025\/01\/taiwan-first-execution-since-2020-a-shameful-setback\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Amnesty International<\/a>, kter\u00e1 jej ozna\u010dila za krok zp\u011bt v oblasti ochrany lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v.<\/p><p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vzaty spole\u010dn\u011b odhaluj\u00ed tyto v\u00fdvojov\u00e9 trendy \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed rozpor v p\u0159\u00edstupu Tchaj-wanu k trestn\u00edmu soudnictv\u00ed. \u00dastavn\u00ed judikatura sm\u011b\u0159uje k omezen\u00ed uplat\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed nevratn\u00fdch trest\u016f a k pos\u00edlen\u00ed procesn\u00edch z\u00e1ruk. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 v\u0161ak p\u0159etrv\u00e1v\u00e1 politick\u00fd tlak na viditeln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a p\u0159\u00edsn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed formy trest\u016f, zejm\u00e9na v reakci na trestn\u00e9 \u010diny, kter\u00e9 vyvol\u00e1vaj\u00ed siln\u00e9 rozho\u0159\u010den\u00ed ve\u0159ejnosti.<\/p><p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dan\u00e1 debata souvis\u00ed i se specifick\u00fdm vztahem Tchaj-wanu k mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edmu syst\u00e9mu lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v. A\u010dkoli je Tchaj-wan vylou\u010den z Organizace spojen\u00fdch n\u00e1rod\u016f, <strong>za\u010dlenil hlavn\u00ed <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/focustaiwan.tw\/society\/202608160012\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed n\u00e1stroje v oblasti lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v<\/strong><\/a> do sv\u00e9ho vnitrost\u00e1tn\u00edho pr\u00e1va a dobrovoln\u011b podrobuje jejich prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jurist.org\/news\/2026\/05\/taiwan-dispatch-national-human-rights-review-calls-for-death-penalty-moratorium\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edmu p\u0159ezkumu<\/a>. V p\u0159ezkumu z roku 2026 t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00edm se prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho paktu o ob\u010dansk\u00fdch a politick\u00fdch pr\u00e1vech (ICCPR) na Tchaj-wanu vyzval Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed p\u0159ezkumn\u00fd v\u00fdbor k moratoriu na popravy a znovu potvrdil, \u017ee <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amnesty.org\/en\/latest\/news\/2026\/08\/taiwan-proposed-judicial-caning-referendum-indicates-further-erosion-of-human-rights-protection\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">t\u011blesn\u00e9 tresty<\/a> p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed krut\u00fd, nelidsk\u00fd nebo poni\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed zp\u016fsob trest\u00e1n\u00ed. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 v\u00fdbor vyj\u00e1d\u0159il znepokojen\u00ed nad t\u00edm, \u017ee se vl\u00e1da v od\u016fvodn\u011bn\u00ed pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho uplat\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed trestu smrti op\u00edr\u00e1 o ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 m\u00edn\u011bn\u00ed, a zd\u016fraznil rozpor mezi ve\u0159ejnou podporou p\u0159\u00edsn\u00fdch trest\u016f a mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edmi z\u00e1vazky Tchaj-wanu v oblasti lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v.<\/p><h2>Pro\u010d je to d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9?<\/h2><p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dan\u00e1 kontroverze se net\u00fdk\u00e1 pouze toho, zda by Tchaj-wan m\u011bl zav\u00e9st trest bit\u00edm hol\u00ed pro omezenou kategorii z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdch trestn\u00fdch \u010din\u016f, ale vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 i ot\u00e1zku, jak chr\u00e1nit spole\u010dnost, \u0159e\u0161it pot\u0159eby ob\u011bt\u00ed a postavit pachatele p\u0159ed odpov\u011bdnost p\u0159i sou\u010dasn\u00e9m zachov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fastavn\u00edch omezen\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00ed moci.<\/p><p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tato ot\u00e1zka nab\u00fdv\u00e1 na v\u00fdznamu zejm\u00e9na v kontextu obav z ned\u00e1vn\u00e9ho v\u00fdvoje v oblasti lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v na Tchaj-wanu. Organizace Amnesty International <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amnesty.org\/en\/latest\/news\/2026\/08\/taiwan-proposed-judicial-caning-referendum-indicates-further-erosion-of-human-rights-protection\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">spojuje<\/a> n\u00e1vrh na zaveden\u00ed trestu bit\u00edm hol\u00ed s t\u00edm, co popisuje jako \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed trend zhor\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed situace, kter\u00fd zahrnuje <strong>\u0161krty v rozpo\u010dtech ur\u010den\u00fdch na lidsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va<\/strong>, p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eky v pr\u00e1ci nez\u00e1visl\u00fdch instituc\u00ed (nap\u0159. N\u00e1rodn\u00ed komise pro lidsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va) a z\u00e1sahy do fungov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00dastavn\u00edho soudu.<\/p><p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V souvislosti debaty o trestu bit\u00edm m\u00e1 v\u00fdznam i jej\u00ed politick\u00e9 r\u00e1mov\u00e1n\u00ed. Prezentovat ji jako volbu mezi lidsk\u00fdmi pr\u00e1vy pachatel\u016f a ochranou ob\u011bt\u00ed a \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed ve\u0159ejnosti s sebou nese riziko, \u017ee se tyto dva postoje budou bezd\u016fvodn\u011b stav\u011bt proti sob\u011b. Ve skute\u010dnosti v\u0161ak nejsou protich\u016fdn\u00e9, ale p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed dv\u011b strany t\u00e9\u017ee mince.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Photo: Unsplash.com Foto: Unsplash.com What is happening? Taiwan is reopening a fundamental debate over how far the state should go in punishing serious crime. On September 30, Chinese Nationalist Party (KMT) legislators announced plans to amend the Criminal Code to introduce caning, only a month after an attempt to put the issue to a national [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":19,"featured_media":44606,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[500],"tags":[538],"class_list":["post-44604","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","tag-olimpia-kot"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>How Much Punishment Is Enough? Taiwan\u2019s Debate over Caning, Criminal Justice, and Human Rights - European Values Center for Security Policy<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/cs\/how-much-punishment-is-enough-taiwans-debate-over-caning-criminal-justice-and-human-rights\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How Much Punishment Is Enough? Taiwan\u2019s Debate over Caning, Criminal Justice, and Human Rights - European Values Center for Security Policy\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Photo: Unsplash.com Foto: Unsplash.com What is happening? Taiwan is reopening a fundamental debate over how far the state should go in punishing serious crime. 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