{"id":43707,"date":"2026-07-04T14:03:53","date_gmt":"2026-07-04T12:03:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/?p=43707"},"modified":"2026-07-10T14:23:25","modified_gmt":"2026-07-10T12:23:25","slug":"busans-arctic-lesson-for-taiwan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/cs\/busans-arctic-lesson-for-taiwan\/","title":{"rendered":"Ponau\u010den\u00ed pro Tchaj-wan ohledn\u011b arktick\u00e9 oblasti z Pusanu"},"content":{"rendered":"
Na jihokorejsk\u00e9 komun\u00e1ln\u00ed volby bylo nahl\u00ed\u017eeno sp\u00ed\u0161e jako na lok\u00e1ln\u00ed politickou z\u00e1le\u017eitost: jako na zkou\u0161ku vl\u00e1dn\u00ed dynamiky jihokorejsk\u00e9ho prezidenta I \u010ce-mjonga, krok zp\u011bt pro konzervativce mimo Soul a jako na dal\u0161\u00ed zn\u00e1mku bou\u0159liv\u00e9 politick\u00e9 situace zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 kriz\u00ed, kter\u00e1 nastala po vyhl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00e9ho stavu v\u00a0roce 2024. Ov\u0161em jeden z\u00a0v\u00fdsledk\u016f si v\u00a0Tchaj-peji zaslou\u017e\u00ed bli\u017e\u0161\u00ed pozornost. V\u00fdhra Demokratick\u00e9 strany Koreje v\u00a0Pusanu, druh\u00e9m nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm m\u011bst\u011b Ji\u017en\u00ed Koreje a jej\u00ed hlavn\u00ed n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed br\u00e1n\u011b, nebyla jen posunem v\u00a0politick\u00e9 orientaci. Byla to p\u0159ipom\u00ednka toho, \u017ee v\u00a0n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edch demokraci\u00edch se politika ohledn\u011b oce\u00e1nu nedot\u00fdk\u00e1 pouze p\u0159\u00edstav\u016f.<\/p>
Pusan nen\u00ed jen m\u011bsto. Je to logistick\u00fd uzel, lo\u010fa\u0159sk\u00fd ekosyst\u00e9m, politick\u00fd symbol a d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 m\u00edsto n\u00e1rodn\u00ed obrany. Ji\u017en\u00ed Korea skrze Pusan propojuje dom\u00e1c\u00ed pr\u016fmysl s\u00a0mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed dopravu, automatizaci p\u0159\u00edstav\u016f, n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00edm a spr\u00e1vou oce\u00e1n\u016f.<\/p>
To je d\u016fvodem, pro\u010d je Nov\u00fd Pusansk\u00fd starosta z\u00a0Demokratick\u00e9 strany \u010con \u010ce-su, b\u00fdval\u00fd ministr pro oce\u00e1ny a rybolov, tak d\u016fle\u017eitou osobnost\u00ed. Jeho politick\u00e1 agenda zam\u011b\u0159uj\u00edc\u00ed se na arktickou oblast nebyla pouh\u00fdm m\u00edstn\u00edm dekorativn\u00edm sloganem, ale konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed strategi\u00ed pro rozvoj m\u011bsta, jeho\u017e p\u0159\u00edstav, z\u00e1kladna lo\u010fa\u0159sk\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu, logistick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti a v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 instituce ji\u017e znamenaj\u00ed, \u017ee je centrem jihokorejsk\u00e9ho n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed.<\/p>
Tato strategie je v\u00a0souladu s\u00a0prioritami \u00fast\u0159edn\u00ed vl\u00e1dy, kter\u00e9 stanovil I. I \u010ce-mjong usiloval o p\u0159em\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed Ministerstva oce\u00e1n\u016f a rybolovu do Pusanu, zat\u00edmco veden\u00ed samotn\u00e9ho ministerstva pova\u017euje toto m\u011bsto za strategickou z\u00e1kladnu v\u00a0\u00e9\u0159e arktick\u00fdch n\u00e1mo\u0159\u00edch tras. \u00a0Pusan se tedy stav\u00ed nejen do pozice nejji\u017en\u011bji polo\u017een\u00e9ho jihokorejsk\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstavu, ale tak\u00e9 do pozice budouc\u00ed vstupn\u00ed br\u00e1ny severn\u00edch tras. Taj\u00edc\u00ed ledov\u00e9 \u010depice sice otev\u00edraj\u00ed nov\u00e1 dopravn\u00ed spojen\u00ed mezi V\u00fdchodn\u00ed Asi\u00ed a Evropou, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 tak\u00e9 zintenziv\u0148uj\u00ed geopolitickou sout\u011b\u017e v\u00a0oblasti infrastruktury, standard\u016f, zdroj\u016f a \u00fa\u010dasti. Tchaj-wan by tomuto m\u011bl v\u011bnovat pozornost, jeliko\u017e Tchaj-pej \u010dasto na arktickou oblast nahl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed jako na p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 vzd\u00e1lenou a nev\u00fdznamnou na to, aby m\u011bla p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd dopad na aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed ot\u00e1zky, kter\u00e9 se zam\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed hlavn\u011b na n\u00e1tlak v\u00a0Tchajwansk\u00e9m pr\u016flivu, zranitelnostmi dovozu energie a v\u00fdzvu, kterou p\u0159edstavuje udr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed diplomatick\u00e9ho prostoru. Arktick\u00e1 politika se m\u016f\u017ee v\u00a0porovn\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00a0t\u011bmito ot\u00e1zkami jevit jako luxus.<\/p>
Tato perspektiva je pochopiteln\u00e1. Ov\u0161em nen\u00ed \u00fapln\u00e1.<\/p>
Arktida nen\u00ed pouh\u00fdm vzd\u00e1len\u00fdm m\u00edstem pro v\u00fdzkum. St\u00e1v\u00e1 se z\u00a0n\u00ed test toho, jak se p\u0159\u00edmo\u0159sk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty p\u0159ipravuj\u00ed na klimatickou zm\u011bnu, nejistotu ohledn\u011b dopravn\u00edch tras, zranitelnost kritick\u00e9 infrastruktury, reorganizaci dodavatelsk\u00fdch \u0159et\u011bzc\u016f a na geopolitick\u00e1 expanze autorit\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch mocnost\u00ed. Taj\u00edc\u00ed mo\u0159sk\u00fd led netvo\u0159\u00ed jednodu\u0161e nov\u00e9 trasy.<\/p>
Tvo\u0159\u00ed nov\u00e9 v\u00fdzvy pro p\u0159\u00edstavn\u00ed spr\u00e1vy, lodn\u00ed spole\u010dnosti, poji\u0161\u0165ovatele, satelitn\u00ed oper\u00e1tory, n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed pl\u00e1nova\u010de a vl\u00e1dy usiluj\u00edc\u00ed o vliv v\u00a0nov\u011b vznikaj\u00edc\u00edch oblastech \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Co se t\u00fd\u010de Tchaj-wanu, tyto v\u00fdzvy se dot\u00fdkaj\u00ed stejn\u00fdch ot\u00e1zek, kter\u00e9 ji\u017e utv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed jeho debatu o bezpe\u010dnosti: kdo ovl\u00e1d\u00e1 kontroln\u00ed stanovi\u0161t\u011b, kdo stanovuje standardy a kdo udr\u017euje b\u011bh obchodu pod tlakem.<\/p>
\u010c\u00edna tomuto dob\u0159e rozum\u00ed. Peking s\u00e1m sebe pospal jako \u201et\u00e9m\u011b\u0159-arktick\u00fd st\u00e1t\u201c a prov\u00e1zal p\u0159epravu v\u00a0arktick\u00fdch oblastech s\u00a0Novou Hedv\u00e1bnou stezkou skrze pojmenov\u00e1n\u00ed Pol\u00e1rn\u00ed Hedv\u00e1bn\u00e1 stezka. Tato formulace je vytvo\u0159ena k\u00a0normalizov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 role v\u00a0regionu, kde nem\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1dnou teritori\u00e1ln\u00ed suverenitu, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e prezentuje propojenost jako ne\u0161kodnou n\u00e1hradu za projekci s\u00edly.<\/p>
Tchaj-wan by nem\u011bl odpov\u011bd\u011bt napodobov\u00e1n\u00edm pekingsk\u00e9ho zkreslen\u00e9ho vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed geografie. Tchaj-wan nen\u00ed bl\u00edzko arktick\u00e9 oblasti. Nemus\u00ed p\u0159edst\u00edrat opak. Vytvo\u0159en\u00ed Tchajwansk\u00e9 verze Pol\u00e1rn\u00ed Hedv\u00e1bn\u00e9 stezky, nebo usilov\u00e1n\u00ed o strategickou \u00fast\u0159edn\u00ed roli na ka\u017ed\u00e9m nov\u011b vznikaj\u00edc\u00edm boji\u0161ti nen\u00ed pointou. Zodpov\u011bdn\u00e9 anga\u017em\u00e1 v\u00a0pol\u00e1rn\u00ed oblasti vy\u017eaduje opak: preciznost.<\/p>
Vzd\u00e1lenost nen\u00ed to sam\u00e9 jako irelevance. Tchaj-wan je jednou z\u00a0ekonomik nejv\u00edce z\u00e1visl\u00fdch na obchodu. Jeho prosperita z\u00e1vis\u00ed na n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed propojenosti, dovozu energie, odolnosti p\u0159\u00edstav\u016f a na nep\u0159eru\u0161ovan\u00e9m pohybu cenn\u00e9ho zbo\u017e\u00ed. Zem\u011b jej\u00edch\u017e p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed z\u00e1vis\u00ed na mo\u0159i, si nem\u016f\u017ee dovolit nezaj\u00edmat se o zm\u011bny v\u00a0glob\u00e1ln\u00ed mo\u0159sk\u00e9 geografii.<\/p>
Ji\u017en\u00ed Korea je dobr\u00fdm srovn\u00e1n\u00edm, jeliko\u017e jej\u00ed ambice v\u00a0pol\u00e1rn\u00ed oblasti nejsou postaven\u00e9 pouze na sloganech. Op\u00edraj\u00ed se o instituce: Institut korejsk\u00e9ho pol\u00e1rn\u00edho v\u00fdzkumu, arktick\u00e1 v\u00fdzkumn\u00e1 stanice Dasan na \u0160picberk\u00e1ch, v\u00fdzkumn\u00fd ledoborec Araon a Ministerstvo oce\u00e1nu a rybolovu, kte\u0159\u00ed pova\u017euj\u00ed pol\u00e1rn\u00ed aktivity za sou\u010d\u00e1st pravideln\u00e9ho n\u00e1rodn\u00edho pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>
P\u0159\u00edstup Ji\u017en\u00ed Koreje nen\u00ed jen o zasazen\u00ed vlajky do sn\u011bhu. Jde j\u00ed o vytvo\u0159en\u00ed ekosyst\u00e9mu propojuj\u00edc\u00edho v\u011bdu, pr\u016fmysl, logistiku a diplomacii.<\/p>
Tchajwansk\u00fd v\u00fdchoz\u00ed bod je v\u00edce skromn\u00fd, ale nen\u00ed pr\u00e1zdn\u00fd. Zalo\u017een\u00ed prvn\u00ed tchajwansk\u00e9 v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 pol\u00e1rn\u00ed stanice na \u0160picberk\u00e1ch skrze spolupr\u00e1ci mezi N\u00e1rodn\u00ed akademi\u00ed mo\u0159sk\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu a polsk\u00fdmi partnery ukazuje, \u017ee Tchaj-wan ji\u017e m\u00e1 ur\u010ditou z\u00e1kladnu. Co mu sch\u00e1z\u00ed je \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed politick\u00fd r\u00e1mec, kter\u00fd by propojoval v\u011bdeck\u00e9 aktivity s\u00a0n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed odolnost\u00ed, demokratickou spoluprac\u00ed a ekonomickou bezpe\u010dnost\u00ed.<\/p>
Tento r\u00e1mec by m\u011bl za\u010d\u00edt skromnou ale seri\u00f3zn\u00ed pol\u00e1rn\u00ed strategi\u00ed. Rada pro z\u00e1le\u017eitosti oce\u00e1n\u016f, N\u00e1rodn\u00ed akademie mo\u0159sk\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu, N\u00e1rodn\u00ed centr\u00e1ln\u00ed univerzita, ministerstvo zahrani\u010dn\u00edch v\u011bc\u00ed a ministerstvo hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed by m\u011bly spole\u010dn\u011b ur\u010dit, v jak\u00fdch oblastech m\u016f\u017ee Tchaj-wan p\u0159isp\u011bt k pol\u00e1rn\u00ed v\u011bd\u011b, monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed mo\u0159sk\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed a odolnosti dodavatelsk\u00fdch \u0159et\u011bzc\u016f. C\u00edlem by nem\u011blo b\u00fdt sout\u011b\u017een\u00ed s\u00a0arktick\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty, ale st\u00e1t se d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdmi pro n\u011b a pro jin\u00e9 n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed demokracie.<\/p>
Ji\u017en\u00ed Korea by se mohla st\u00e1t jedn\u00edm z\u00a0prvn\u00edch partner\u016f Tchaj-wanu. Tchajwansko-korejsk\u00fd dialog o n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed a pol\u00e1rn\u00ed odolnosti by mohl propojit \u0164i-lung a Pusan stejn\u011b jako v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 instituty, p\u0159\u00edstavn\u00ed spr\u00e1vy, lodn\u00ed spole\u010dnosti a technologick\u00e9 firmy. Agenda by m\u011bla b\u00fdt konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed: \u00fadaje o oce\u00e1nech, smart p\u0159\u00edstavy, doprava s\u00a0n\u00edzkou produkc\u00ed oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho, satelitn\u00ed aplikace, n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed kyberbezpe\u010dnost, nouzov\u00e1 logistika a dopady zm\u011bn arktick\u00fdch tras na indopacifick\u00e9 dodavatelsk\u00e9 \u0159et\u011bzce.<\/p>
Dialog by se postupem \u010dasu mohl roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it o partnery jako Japonsko, Kanadu, Polsko a seversk\u00e9 partnery. Tyto spolupr\u00e1ce by tak\u00e9 pos\u00edlily poselstv\u00ed tchajwansk\u00e9 zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politiky.<\/p>
Tchajwansk\u00fd mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed prostor je omezen, ale nen\u00ed pln\u011b uzav\u0159en. St\u00e1le by mohl b\u00fdt u\u017eite\u010dn\u00fd tam, kde ostatn\u00ed demokracie pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bryhodn\u00e9 partnery, technickou expert\u00edzu a neautorit\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 alternativy.<\/p>
Tchaj-wan nepot\u0159ebuje Pol\u00e1rn\u00ed Hedv\u00e1bnou stezku. Pot\u0159ebuje demokratickou n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed gramotnost. V\u00a0nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edm stolet\u00ed se toto m\u016f\u017ee projevit stejn\u011b strategick\u00e9.<\/p>
Autor:<\/strong><\/p> \u00a0<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t