{"id":43378,"date":"2026-06-03T12:16:36","date_gmt":"2026-06-03T10:16:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/?p=43378"},"modified":"2026-06-03T12:20:50","modified_gmt":"2026-06-03T10:20:50","slug":"beyond-family-policy-taiwans-demographic-decline-and-the-security-challenge-ahead","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/cs\/beyond-family-policy-taiwans-demographic-decline-and-the-security-challenge-ahead\/","title":{"rendered":"Tchaj-wan demograficky upad\u00e1. Jak\u00e9 to p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed v\u00fdzvy?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"43378\" class=\"elementor elementor-43378\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3553285c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3553285c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2ae1c0e9\" data-id=\"2ae1c0e9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-16f7eac9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"16f7eac9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<style>.elementor-element-16f7eac9{display:none !important}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61f0641 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"61f0641\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Foto: H\u0159i\u0161t\u011b v Tchaj-peji, vyfotila Olimpia Kot<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2f5fb369 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2f5fb369\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-19aad2a3\" data-id=\"19aad2a3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-10976676 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"10976676\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-no-translation=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-59f0cec5\" data-id=\"59f0cec5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-78f360e9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"78f360e9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div><h2>Co se d\u011bje?<\/h2><\/div><div><p><b>Porodnost na Tchaj-wanu klesla<\/b> v\u00a0roce 2025 na 0,69, co\u017e pat\u0159\u00ed k <b>nejni\u017e\u0161\u00edm hodnot\u00e1m na sv\u011bt\u011b<\/b>. Prezident Laj \u010cching-te (Lai Ching-te, \u8cf4\u6e05\u5fb7) na zpr\u00e1vu reagoval p\u0159edstaven\u00edm rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9ho bal\u00ed\u010dku opat\u0159en\u00ed zam\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch na \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed demografick\u00e9ho \u00fapadku Tchaj-wanu. Navrhovan\u00fd bal\u00ed\u010dek zahrnuje nov\u00fd m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek ve v\u00fd\u0161i 5 000 NT$ (kolem 3 300 K\u010d) na d\u011bti do 18 let, prodlou\u017een\u00ed rodi\u010dovsk\u00e9 dovolen\u00e9, zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed podpory pro um\u011bl\u00e9 oplodn\u011bn\u00ed a reformy v oblasti zam\u011bstnanosti, jejich\u017e c\u00edlem je sn\u00ed\u017eit finan\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e spojenou s v\u00fdchovou d\u011bt\u00ed. Vl\u00e1da tak\u00e9 pl\u00e1nuje prodlou\u017eit mate\u0159skou dovolenou z 8 na 12 t\u00fddn\u016f, zdvojn\u00e1sobit otcovskou dovolenou ze 7 na 14 dn\u00ed a roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it d\u00e1vky v r\u00e1mci rodi\u010dovsk\u00e9 dovolen\u00e9. Tato opat\u0159en\u00ed by st\u00e1la p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 380 miliard NT$ (p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 252,5 miliardy K\u010d) ro\u010dn\u011b a <b>mus\u00ed b\u00fdt schv\u00e1lena <\/b>Legislativn\u00edm dvorem, kter\u00fd ovl\u00e1d\u00e1 opozice.<\/p><\/div><div><p>N\u00edzk\u00e1 porodnost byla dlouho vn\u00edm\u00e1na p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm jako soci\u00e1ln\u00ed a ekonomick\u00e1 v\u00fdzva, nyn\u00ed se v\u0161ak tato ot\u00e1zka se diskutuje z hlediska n\u00e1rodn\u00ed odolnosti a bezpe\u010dnosti. \u00dabytek populace a jej\u00ed st\u00e1rnut\u00ed toti\u017e bude m\u00edt v budoucnosti dopad na pracovn\u00ed s\u00edlu, da\u0148ovou z\u00e1kladnu a z\u00e1sobu <a href=\"https:\/\/topics.amcham.com.tw\/2023\/09\/why-taiwans-aging-population-is-a-national-security-issue\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">vojensk\u00fdch rekrut\u016f<\/a>.<\/p><\/div><div><p>Je t\u0159eba poznamenat, \u017ee navrhovan\u00e9 zam\u011bstnaneck\u00e9 benefity by se <a href=\"https:\/\/focustaiwan.tw\/society\/202605270018\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b vztahovaly<\/a> i na zahrani\u010dn\u00ed pracovn\u00edky na Tchaj-wanu, a to v\u010detn\u011b dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed, v nich\u017e jsou oba rodi\u010de ciz\u00edmi st\u00e1tn\u00edmi p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edky. Migranti pracuj\u00edc\u00ed jako pomocn\u00edci v dom\u00e1cnosti a pe\u010dovatel\u00e9 s bydli\u0161t\u011bm v dom\u00e1cnostech by v\u0161ak nad\u00e1le byli vylou\u010deni z n\u011bkolika druh\u016f n\u00e1rok\u016f na roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159enou dovolenou, proto\u017ee se na n\u011b nevztahuje z\u00e1kon o pracovn\u00edch standardech. Tato skute\u010dnost poukazuje na <b>p\u0159etrv\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed rozd\u00edly<\/b> v ochran\u011b pr\u00e1ce mezi r\u016fzn\u00fdmi kategoriemi migruj\u00edc\u00edch pracovn\u00edk\u016f.<\/p><\/div><div><p><a href=\"https:\/\/focustaiwan.tw\/society\/202605270017\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Reakce ve\u0159ejnosti<\/a> jsou <b>sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00e9<\/b>. Zat\u00edmco n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed v\u00edtaj\u00ed dodate\u010dnou podporu pro rodiny, jin\u00ed zpochyb\u0148uj\u00ed, zda pouh\u00e9 finan\u010dn\u00ed pob\u00eddky mohou vy\u0159e\u0161it <b>struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny n\u00edzk\u00e9 porodnosti na Tchaj-wanu<\/b>, mezi n\u011b\u017e pat\u0159\u00ed n\u00edzk\u00e1 dostupnost bydlen\u00ed, stagnuj\u00edc\u00ed mzdy, nedostatek za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro p\u00e9\u010di o d\u011bti a obavy o rovnov\u00e1hu mezi pracovn\u00edm a soukrom\u00fdm \u017eivotem.<\/p><\/div><div><h2>Jak\u00e9 jsou \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed souvislosti?<\/h2><\/div><div><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.taipeitimes.com\/News\/taiwan\/archives\/2026\/04\/06\/2003855103\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Demografick\u00fd \u00fapadek Tchaj-wanu<\/a> se stal jednou z nejnal\u00e9hav\u011bj\u0161\u00edch dlouhodob\u00fdch <b>politick\u00fdch v\u00fdzev<\/b>, p\u0159ed nimi\u017e tato zem\u011b stoj\u00ed. Po\u010det narozen\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed kles\u00e1 ji\u017e 10 let v \u0159ad\u011b a v roce 2025 dos\u00e1hne jen n\u011bco m\u00e1lo p\u0159es 100 000. Sou\u010dasn\u011b se Tchaj-wan st\u00e1v\u00e1 <b>superst\u00e1rnouc\u00ed spole\u010dnost\u00ed<\/b>, v n\u00ed\u017e pod\u00edl star\u0161\u00edch ob\u010dan\u016f neust\u00e1le roste.<\/p><\/div><div><p>Dopady tohoto jevu sahaj\u00ed daleko za hranice soci\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de a hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho r\u016fstu. Vzhledem k s\u00edl\u00edc\u00edmu <b>tlaku ze strany \u010c\u00edny<\/b> je demografick\u00fd \u00fapadek st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji vn\u00edm\u00e1n jako <b>probl\u00e9m n\u00e1rodn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti. <\/b>Klesaj\u00edc\u00ed po\u010det obyvatel v produktivn\u00edm v\u011bku vyv\u00edj\u00ed st\u00e1le v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed tlak na ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 finance a trh pr\u00e1ce. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 se tak sni\u017euje po\u010det ob\u010dan\u016f zp\u016fsobil\u00fdch k vojensk\u00e9 slu\u017eb\u011b.<\/p><\/div><div><p>Klesaj\u00edc\u00ed porodnost by mohla v p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch desetilet\u00edch zp\u016fsobit, \u017ee sou\u010dasn\u00e1 velikost tchajwansk\u00fdch ozbrojen\u00fdch sil bude obt\u00ed\u017en\u011b udr\u017eiteln\u00e1. Analytici spojuj\u00ed demografick\u00e9 trendy s nedostatkem rekrut\u016f a s rostouc\u00edmi debatami o modernizaci arm\u00e1dy, vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed autonomn\u00edch technologi\u00ed a \u0161ir\u0161\u00edch reform\u00e1ch v oblasti lidsk\u00fdch zdroj\u016f.<\/p><\/div><div><p>V t\u00e9to souvislosti vyvst\u00e1v\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka, zda Tchaj-wan pln\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 sv\u00e9 st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed lidsk\u00e9 zdroje. Vzhledem k rostouc\u00edm obav\u00e1m o po\u010det vojensk\u00e9ho person\u00e1lu n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed analytici a b\u00fdval\u00ed voj\u00e1ci tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee p\u0159i \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed <a href=\"https:\/\/dominotheory.com\/does-the-taiwanese-military-actually-want-more-female-soldiers\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">probl\u00e9m\u016f s n\u00e1borem<\/a> by mohly hr\u00e1t v\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed roli \u017eeny. A\u010dkoli se pod\u00edl \u017een v tchajwansk\u00e9 arm\u00e1d\u011b v posledn\u00edch t\u0159ech desetilet\u00edch postupn\u011b zvy\u0161oval, b\u00fdval\u00ed voj\u00e1ci poukazuj\u00ed na p\u0159etrv\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eky br\u00e1n\u00edc\u00ed n\u00e1boru a udr\u017een\u00ed \u017een v arm\u00e1d\u011b. Demografick\u00fd tlak proto podn\u011bcuje \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed diskusi \u2013 nejen o modernizaci arm\u00e1dy a o technologi\u00edch, ale tak\u00e9 o roli \u017een v tchajwansk\u00e9 n\u00e1rodn\u00ed obran\u011b.<\/p><\/div><div><h2>Pro\u010d je to d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9?<\/h2><\/div><div><p>Demografick\u00e1 krize na Tchaj-wanu poukazuje na rostouc\u00ed souvislosti mezi soci\u00e1ln\u00ed politikou a n\u00e1rodn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnost\u00ed. Zat\u00edmco vl\u00e1dy \u010dasto \u0159e\u0161\u00ed n\u00edzkou porodnost prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm dotac\u00ed a program\u016f podpory rodin, v\u00fdzva, p\u0159ed kterou stoj\u00ed Tchaj-wan, je <b>v kone\u010dn\u00e9m d\u016fsledku struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed. <\/b>Mlad\u0161\u00ed generace i nad\u00e1le \u010del\u00ed rostouc\u00edm n\u00e1klad\u016fm na bydlen\u00ed, ekonomick\u00e9 nejistot\u011b, n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdm pracovn\u00edm kultur\u00e1m a vysok\u00fdm n\u00e1klad\u016fm spojen\u00fdm s p\u00e9\u010d\u00ed o d\u011bti a se vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00edm.<\/p><\/div><div><p>Z hlediska bezpe\u010dnosti m\u00e1 demografick\u00fd \u00fapadek dopad na schopnost Tchaj-wanu udr\u017eet si lidsk\u00e9 zdroje, kter\u00e9 jsou nezbytn\u00e9 jak pro ekonomickou odolnost, tak pro n\u00e1rodn\u00ed obranu. M\u00e9n\u011b pracovn\u00edch sil omezuje dlouhodob\u00fd r\u016fst, zat\u00edmco zmen\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed se po\u010det ob\u010dan\u016f ve vojensk\u00e9m v\u011bku komplikuje n\u00e1borov\u00e9 snahy v dob\u011b, kdy Tchaj-wan zna\u010dn\u011b investuje do <b>posilov\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u00fdch obrann\u00fdch kapacit. <\/b>Tuto v\u00fdzvu nav\u00edc zhor\u0161uje skute\u010dnost, \u017ee <b>\u017eeny jsou<\/b> v ozbrojen\u00fdch sil\u00e1ch navzdory rostouc\u00ed popt\u00e1vce po vojensk\u00e9m person\u00e1lu nad\u00e1le <b>nedostate\u010dn\u011b zastoupeny<\/b>. A\u010dkoli technologick\u00e9 inovace mohou nedostatek person\u00e1lu \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b kompenzovat, demografick\u00fd \u00fabytek z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 <b>dlouhodobou p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017ekou<\/b> pro p\u0159ipravenost a odolnost Tchaj-wanu.<\/p><\/div><div><p>Debata ohledn\u011b Lajov\u00fdch n\u00e1vrh\u016f proto p\u0159esahuje r\u00e1mec rodinn\u00e9 politiky. Odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed ot\u00e1zku ohledn\u011b budouc\u00ed schopnosti Tchaj-wanu udr\u017eet si ekonomickou vitalitu, soci\u00e1ln\u00ed stabilitu a obrannou p\u0159ipravenost v \u010d\u00edm d\u00e1l <b>n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm geopolitick\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed<\/b>.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Photo: Playground in Taipei, by Olimpia Kot Foto: H\u0159i\u0161t\u011b v Tchaj-peji, vyfotila Olimpia Kot What is Happening? President Lai Ching-te (\u8cf4\u6e05\u5fb7) has unveiled a major package of measures aimed at addressing Taiwan\u2019s demographic decline after the island\u2019s fertility rate fell to 0.69 in 2025, among the lowest in the world. The proposed package includes a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":19,"featured_media":43369,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[500],"tags":[538],"class_list":["post-43378","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","tag-olimpia-kot"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Beyond Family Policy: Taiwan\u2019s Demographic Decline and the Security Challenge Ahead - European Values Center for Security Policy<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/cs\/beyond-family-policy-taiwans-demographic-decline-and-the-security-challenge-ahead\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Beyond Family Policy: Taiwan\u2019s Demographic Decline and the Security Challenge Ahead - European Values Center for Security Policy\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Photo: Playground in Taipei, by Olimpia Kot Foto: H\u0159i\u0161t\u011b v Tchaj-peji, vyfotila Olimpia Kot What is Happening? President Lai Ching-te (\u8cf4\u6e05\u5fb7) has unveiled a major package of measures aimed at addressing Taiwan\u2019s demographic decline after the island\u2019s fertility rate fell to 0.69 in 2025, among the lowest in the world. 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