{"id":40382,"date":"2025-08-12T12:06:39","date_gmt":"2025-08-12T10:06:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/?p=40382"},"modified":"2025-08-29T22:47:04","modified_gmt":"2025-08-29T20:47:04","slug":"between-symbol-and-substance-indigenous-peoples-day-in-taiwan-and-the-politics-of-cultural-representation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/cs\/between-symbol-and-substance-indigenous-peoples-day-in-taiwan-and-the-politics-of-cultural-representation\/","title":{"rendered":"St\u0159et symbol\u016f a podstaty v\u011bci: Den domorod\u00fdch obyvatel Tchaj-wanu a politika kulturn\u00ed reprezentace"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"40382\" class=\"elementor elementor-40382\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-51ea428a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"51ea428a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-11b2021\" data-id=\"11b2021\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-904c2b3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"904c2b3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<style>.elementor-element-904c2b3{display:none !important}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-39b856b9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"39b856b9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Foto: Olimpia Kot, Evropsk\u00e9 hodnoty<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-703aa3a6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"703aa3a6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-716ab649\" data-id=\"716ab649\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-8a155ce elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8a155ce\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-no-translation=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-1c1c09be\" data-id=\"1c1c09be\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c7a88df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3c7a88df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>Co se d\u011bje?<\/h2><p>Prvn\u00edho srpna si Tchaj-wan p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 <strong>Den domorod\u00fdch obyvatel<\/strong>, sv\u00e1tek zaveden\u00fd p\u0159ed deseti lety na po\u010dest p\u016fvodn\u00edch obyvatel ostrova. Tato ud\u00e1lost, kter\u00e1 se kon\u00e1 osm dn\u00ed p\u0159ed <a href=\"https:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/observances\/indigenous-day\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm dnem domorod\u00fdch obyvatel sv\u011bta<\/a>, m\u00e1 za c\u00edl p\u0159ipomenout historick\u00e9 nespravedlnosti, podpo\u0159it ochranu kulturn\u00edho d\u011bdictv\u00ed a zv\u00fd\u0161it porozum\u011bn\u00ed ve\u0159ejnosti. Zp\u016fsoby, jak\u00fdmi se m\u00edstn\u00ed tchajwansk\u00e9 samospr\u00e1vy rozhodnou tento den oslavit, v\u0161ak \u010dasto ukazuj\u00ed na p\u0159etrv\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed mezi skute\u010dn\u00fdm p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1n\u00edm a <strong>komodifikac\u00ed kultury<\/strong>.<\/p><h2>\u00a0<\/h2><h2>Jak\u00e9 jsou \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed souvislosti?<\/h2><p>Leto\u0161n\u00ed oslavy tento kontrast obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b zviditelnily. Zahajovac\u00ed ceremoni\u00e1l v Tchaj-peji byl hlasit\u00fdm projevem kulturn\u00ed kontinuity: D\u011btsk\u00fd sbor Puzangalan p\u0159edvedl spole\u010dn\u011b se zp\u011bv\u00e1ky Sangpuyem a Wu Chao-enem (\u5433\u660a\u6069) z etnika Puyuma <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cip.gov.tw\/zh-tw\/news\/data-list\/35AE118732EB6BAF\/03604A64108C4C396B4BC14A554AF59E-info.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">mezigenera\u010dn\u00ed proveden\u00ed<\/a> p\u00edsn\u011b <em>Lalai<\/em> etnika Pchaj-wan. Samospr\u00e1va m\u011bsta Tchao-j\u00fcanu pak naopak p\u0159ipravila propaga\u010dn\u00ed akci syst\u00e9mu m\u011bstsk\u00e9 hromadn\u00e9 dopravy, kdy poskytovala bezplatnou j\u00edzdu metrem cestuj\u00edc\u00edm oble\u010den\u00fdm v\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.icrt.com.tw\/info_details.php?mlevel1=6&amp;mlevel2=12&amp;news_id=286853\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">domorod\u00fdch kroj\u00edch<\/a>. Tato akce byla sice prezentov\u00e1na jako inkluzivn\u00ed gesto, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/p\/DMw3o6mzmJn\/?img_index=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sklidila<\/a> v\u0161ak kritiku pro <strong>zjednodu\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed slo\u017eit\u00fdch kulturn\u00edch signifikant\u016f<\/strong> na povrchn\u00ed vizu\u00e1ln\u00ed symboly, \u010d\u00edm\u017e m\u011bla napom\u00e1hat <strong>udr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed stereotyp\u016f <\/strong>a zanedb\u00e1vat hlubok\u00e9 symbolick\u00e9 v\u00fdznamy, kter\u00e9 jsou v\u00a0tradi\u010dn\u00edch kroj\u00edch obsa\u017een\u00e9.<\/p><p>Austron\u00e9sk\u00e9 domorod\u00e9 obyvatelstvo Tchaj-wanu \u010d\u00edt\u00e1 p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 610 000 osob, co\u017e p\u0159edstavuje asi 2,6 % celkov\u00e9 populace ostrova. V\u00edce ne\u017e polovina domorod\u00fdch obyvatel Tchaj-wanu \u017eije v <a href=\"https:\/\/hakkanews.tw\/2024\/06\/13\/123445\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">m\u011bstsk\u00fdch oblastech<\/a>. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b existuje 16 ofici\u00e1ln\u011b uznan\u00fdch skupin s rozmanit\u00fdmi soci\u00e1ln\u00edmi, kulturn\u00edmi, materi\u00e1ln\u00edmi a jazykov\u00fdmi tradicemi. Jak na sv\u00fdch webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch uv\u00e1d\u00ed tchajwansk\u00e1 Rada domorod\u00fdch obyvatel, domorod\u00e9 obyvatelstvo je \u201e<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cip.gov.tw\/en\/news\/data-list\/673CBF7B0C3D2700\/2D9680BFECBE80B6221E4CC7D09E1357-info.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">p\u016fvodn\u00edm vlastn\u00edkem Tchaj-wanu<\/a>\u201c. P\u0159esto byly tyto etnick\u00e9 skupiny po v\u00edce ne\u017e \u010dty\u0159i stolet\u00ed ovl\u00e1d\u00e1ny ciz\u00edmi mocnostmi, kter\u00e9 je \u010dasto \u0161katulkovaly do r\u016fzn\u00fdch um\u011ble vytvo\u0159en\u00fdch kategori\u00ed a ozna\u010dovaly je hanliv\u00fdmi term\u00edny. Pojmenov\u00e1n\u00ed jako <em>divoch<\/em> (\u756a) \u2013 k n\u011bmu\u017e se v\u00e1zaly podkategorie jako <em>uva\u0159en\u00fd\/zkrocen\u00fd<\/em> (\u719f\u756a), <em>syrov\u00fd\/necivilizovan\u00fd <\/em>(\u751f\u756a) \u2013nebo jako pozd\u011bji <em>krajan\u00e9 z hor<\/em> (\u5c71\u80de) byla diskrimina\u010dn\u00ed, stigmatizuj\u00edc\u00ed a up\u00edrala domorod\u00fdm obyvatel\u016fm mo\u017enost definovat si svou vlastn\u00ed identitu.<\/p><p>S n\u00e1stupem soci\u00e1ln\u00edch hnut\u00ed se na Tchaj-wanu za\u010dalo zasazovat o sv\u00e1 pr\u00e1va i domorod\u00e9 obyvatelstvo. Hnut\u00ed za pr\u00e1va domorod\u00fdch obyvatel vzneslo \u0159adu po\u017eadavk\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b <strong>obnovy domorod\u00fdch jmen<\/strong>, z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed instituc\u00ed pod kontrolou domorod\u00fdch obyvatel, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.taiwan-panorama.com\/zh\/Articles\/Details?Guid=aca65232-56af-4b66-a566-be66a6a32b5f&amp;langId=1&amp;CatId=11&amp;postname=______________20_\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">restituce<\/a> tradi\u010dn\u00edch \u00fazem\u00ed a <strong>po\u017eadavku sebeur\u010den\u00ed<\/strong>. Tyto snahy vy\u00fastily ve vytvo\u0159en\u00ed <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cip.gov.tw\/zh-tw\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rady domorod\u00e9ho obyvatelstva<\/a> \u2013 \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00edho org\u00e1nu na ministersk\u00e9 \u00farovni \u2013, p\u0159ijet\u00ed <a href=\"https:\/\/law.moj.gov.tw\/Eng\/LawClass\/LawAll.aspx?PCode=D0130003\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Z\u00e1kladn\u00edho z\u00e1kona o domorod\u00e9m obyvatelstvu<\/a> a <a href=\"https:\/\/law.moj.gov.tw\/ENG\/LawClass\/LawAll.aspx?pcode=D0130037\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Z\u00e1kona o rozvoji domorod\u00fdch jazyk\u016f<\/a>. V roce 1997, b\u011bhem \u010dtvrt\u00e9ho kola schvalov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fastavn\u00edch dodatk\u016f, byl form\u00e1ln\u011b p\u0159ijat term\u00edn \u201edomorod\u00e9 obyvatelstvo\u201c (<a href=\"https:\/\/english.ey.gov.tw\/News3\/9E5540D592A5FECD\/96f269f0-e3ba-470c-b05e-0ad8336d7b6b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u539f\u4f4f\u6c11\u65cf<\/a>) jako <strong>jedin\u00e9 ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed ozna\u010den\u00ed pro domorod\u00e9 obyvatelstvo Tchaj-wanu<\/strong>. Symbolick\u00e9 vyvrcholen\u00ed tohoto v\u00fdvoje nastalo v roce 2016, kdy prezidentka Cchaj Jing-wen pronesla u p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti Dne domorod\u00e9ho obyvatelstva svou <a href=\"https:\/\/english.president.gov.tw\/NEWS\/4950\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>historickou omluvu domorod\u00e9mu obyvatelstvu<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p><p>Navzdory v\u00fdznamn\u00e9mu pokroku mus\u00ed Tchaj-wan k pos\u00edlen\u00ed vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9ho respektu a skute\u010dn\u00e9ho mezikulturn\u00edho porozum\u011bn\u00ed mezi domorod\u00fdmi komunitami a \u0161irokou tchajwanskou ve\u0159ejnost\u00ed uj\u00edt je\u0161t\u011b velk\u00fd kus cesty. Domorod\u00e9 obyvatelstvo i nad\u00e1le \u010del\u00ed <a href=\"https:\/\/globaltaiwan.org\/2025\/01\/silenced-by-technology-how-ai-disinformation-undermines-taiwans-indigenous-representation-on-social-media\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">dezinterpretaci<\/a> sv\u00e9 identity a jeho <strong>kulturn\u00ed autonomie<\/strong>, zejm\u00e9na v oblasti d\u011bdictv\u00ed a sebeprezentace, je \u010dasto <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=zUYUH7EwTcY\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">p\u0159ehl\u00ed\u017eena<\/a>. Stoj\u00ed za zm\u00ednku, \u017ee historick\u00e9 omluv\u011b prezidentky Cchaj Jing-wen p\u0159edch\u00e1zely n\u011bkolikadenn\u00ed <a href=\"https:\/\/newbloommag.net\/2016\/08\/01\/tsai-apology-demonstrations-eng\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">protesty domorod\u00fdch obyvatel<\/a>, kter\u00e9 po\u017eadovaly m\u00edsto symbolick\u00fdch gest hmatateln\u00e9 \u010diny.<\/p><h2>\u00a0<\/h2><h2>Pro\u010d je to d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9?<\/h2><p>Propaga\u010dn\u00ed akce tchaoj\u00fcansk\u00e9ho metra ilustruje povrchn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup ke kulturn\u00ed komunikaci. Redukov\u00e1n\u00edm od\u011bvu s hlubok\u00fdm symbolick\u00fdm v\u00fdznamem jen na v\u00e1gn\u00ed estetiku tato iniciativa posiluje zastaral\u00e9 stereotypy a <strong>kulturn\u00ed apropriaci<\/strong>. Skute\u010dnost, \u017ee stani\u010dn\u00ed person\u00e1l, kter\u00fd rozhodoval, zdali m\u00e1 dan\u00fd cestuj\u00edc\u00ed n\u00e1rok na j\u00edzdu zdarma, nem\u011bl p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9 odborn\u00e9 pro\u0161kolen\u00ed, jen podtrhuje nahodilost t\u00e9to akce a jej\u00ed tendenci k dezinterpretaci domorod\u00e9 identity. Takov\u00e1to politika zjednodu\u0161uje <a href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/p\/DMw3o6mzmJn\/?img_index=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">kulturn\u00ed specifi\u010dnost<\/a> 16\u00a0uznan\u00fdch tchajwansk\u00fdch domorod\u00fdch skupin a ukazuje na omezenou kulturn\u00ed gramotnost osob s rozhodovac\u00edmi pravomocemi.<\/p><p>Kulturn\u00ed oslavy sice mohou slou\u017eit jako v\u00fdchoz\u00ed bod k tomu, aby se ve\u0159ejnost dostala do styku s domorodou kulturou, ale nemohou b\u00fdt n\u00e1hra\u017ekou struktur\u00e1ln\u00edch zm\u011bn, kter\u00e9 by chr\u00e1nily pr\u00e1va a sebeprezentaci domorod\u00fdch obyvatel. Nespr\u00e1vn\u00e1 interpretace a komodifikace domorod\u00fdch kultur nen\u00ed v\u00fdlu\u010dnou z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed Tchaj-wanu: je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed glob\u00e1ln\u00edch trend\u016f, kdy jsou domorod\u00ed obyvatel\u00e9 symbolicky oslavov\u00e1ni, ale podstatn\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky \u2013 jako autonomie, pozemkov\u00e1 pr\u00e1va \u010di politick\u00e1 participace \u2013 nejsou uspokojiv\u011b \u0159e\u0161eny.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Photo by Olimpia Kot, European Values Foto: Olimpia Kot, Evropsk\u00e9 hodnoty What is happening? On August 1, Taiwan observed Indigenous Peoples Day, a commemoration instituted ten years ago to honor the island\u2019s first inhabitants. Timed eight days prior to the International Day of the World&#8217;s Indigenous Peoples, the occasion is intended as a moment for [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":40384,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[500],"tags":[538],"class_list":["post-40382","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","tag-olimpia-kot"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Between Symbol and Substance: Indigenous Peoples\u2019 Day in Taiwan and the Politics of Cultural Representation - European Values Center for Security Policy<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/cs\/between-symbol-and-substance-indigenous-peoples-day-in-taiwan-and-the-politics-of-cultural-representation\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Between Symbol and Substance: Indigenous Peoples\u2019 Day in Taiwan and the Politics of Cultural Representation - European Values Center for Security Policy\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Photo by Olimpia Kot, European Values Foto: Olimpia Kot, Evropsk\u00e9 hodnoty What is happening? On August 1, Taiwan observed Indigenous Peoples Day, a commemoration instituted ten years ago to honor the island\u2019s first inhabitants. 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