{"id":38638,"date":"2025-01-15T12:06:09","date_gmt":"2025-01-15T10:06:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/?p=38638"},"modified":"2025-01-20T19:07:31","modified_gmt":"2025-01-20T17:07:31","slug":"undersea-cable-war-a-threat-taiwan-knows-too-well","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/cs\/undersea-cable-war-a-threat-taiwan-knows-too-well\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u00e1lka na mo\u0159sk\u00e9m dn\u011b: hrozba, kterou Tchaj-wan velmi dob\u0159e zn\u00e1"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"38638\" class=\"elementor elementor-38638\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-18d2bdbd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"18d2bdbd\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6ac70eb\" data-id=\"6ac70eb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9c1328c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9c1328c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<style>.elementor-element-9c1328c{display:none !important}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-49347853 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"49347853\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Foto: Lo\u010f pobl\u00ed\u017e jihov\u00fdchodn\u00edho pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed Tchaj-wanu, okres Tchaj-tung. Foto: Lin Wej-Lun<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-410ff651 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"410ff651\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-23c04758\" data-id=\"23c04758\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-3b4ef7b5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3b4ef7b5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-no-translation=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-7de33ce7\" data-id=\"7de33ce7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-64cb9313 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"64cb9313\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>Co se d\u011bje?\u00a0<\/h2><p>N\u011bkolik t\u00fddn\u016f pot\u00e9, co byly v Evrop\u011b \u010d\u00ednskou n\u00e1kladn\u00ed lod\u00ed <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2024\/nov\/20\/sweden-denmark-undersea-cable-sabotage-navy-investigation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ji Pcheng 3<\/a> \u00fadajn\u011b p\u0159e\u0165aty <strong>dva podmo\u0159sk\u00e9 komunika\u010dn\u00ed kabely<\/strong>, do\u0161lo k <a href=\"https:\/\/news.ltn.com.tw\/news\/politics\/breakingnews\/4914711\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">podobn\u00e9mu incidentu<\/a> tak\u00e9 u pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed Tchaj-wanu. V p\u00e1tek 3. ledna v 7:45 obdr\u017eela pob\u0159e\u017en\u00ed str\u00e1\u017e v Tan-\u0161uej hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed o tomto incidentu ze strany spole\u010dnosti Chunghwa Telecom, nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edho poskytovatele telekomunika\u010dn\u00edch slu\u017eeb na Tchaj-wanu. Plavidlo se sedmi\u010dlennou \u010d\u00ednskou pos\u00e1dkou, registrovan\u00e9 v Kamerunu a Tanzanii, po\u0161kodilo m\u00edstn\u00ed komunika\u010dn\u00ed kabely. Zat\u00edmco Evropa se teprve za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 rozkouk\u00e1vat a p\u0159izp\u016fsobovat se podobn\u00fdm druh\u016fm hybridn\u00edch <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scmp.com\/news\/china\/diplomacy\/article\/3274120\/china-admits-hong-hong-flagged-ship-destroyed-key-baltic-gas-pipeline-accident\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">hrozeb<\/a>, Tchaj-wan t\u00e9to <strong>\u201ekabelov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce\u201c<\/strong> \u010del\u00ed ji\u017e podstatn\u011b del\u0161\u00ed dobu.<\/p><h2>\u00a0<\/h2><h2>Jak\u00e9 jsou \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed souvislosti?\u00a0<\/h2><p>V p\u00e1tek spole\u010dnost Chunghwa Telecom <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cna.com.tw\/news\/aipl\/202501090371.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ozn\u00e1mila<\/a>, \u017ee \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e1 lo\u010f \u0160un-sing 39 po\u0161kodila podmo\u0159sk\u00fd komunika\u010dn\u00ed kabel u severn\u00edho pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed ostrova. Podle Chunghwa Telecom a tchajwansk\u00e9 Spr\u00e1vy pob\u0159e\u017en\u00ed str\u00e1\u017ee bylo po\u0161kozen\u00ed kabelu zp\u016fsobeno minul\u00fd p\u00e1tek n\u00e1kladn\u00ed lod\u00ed \u0160un-sing 39 <strong>pluj\u00edc\u00ed pod kamerunskou vlajkou<\/strong> severov\u00fdchodn\u011b od oblasti Jie-liou v\u00a0Nov\u00e9 Tchaj-peji. A\u010dkoliv je lo\u010f ofici\u00e1ln\u011b registrov\u00e1na v Africe, tchajwansk\u00e9 \u00fa\u0159ady spojuj\u00ed tuto lo\u010f se spole\u010dnost\u00ed Jie Yang Trading Limited, registrovanou v <strong>Hongkongu a vedenou st\u00e1tn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edkem \u010c\u00ednsk\u00e9 lidov\u00e9 republiky (\u010cLR).<\/strong> Tchajwansk\u00e1 pob\u0159e\u017en\u00ed str\u00e1\u017e n\u00e1sledn\u011b vyslala hl\u00eddku, kter\u00e1 plavidlo zadr\u017eela a na\u0159\u00eddila mu n\u00e1vrat do vod p\u0159ilehl\u00fdch k p\u0159\u00edstavu \u0164i-lung za \u00fa\u010delem dal\u0161\u00edho vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed. Podle vys\u00edlac\u00edho syst\u00e9mu lodi a satelitn\u00edch dat vleklo plavidlo v m\u00edst\u011b po\u0161kozen\u00ed podmo\u0159sk\u00e9ho kabelu po mo\u0159sk\u00e9m dn\u011b kotvu. Tchajwansk\u00fd bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed p\u0159edstavitel incident ozna\u010dil za sou\u010d\u00e1st <strong>rostouc\u00edho celosv\u011btov\u00e9ho trendu sabot\u00e1\u017e\u00ed<\/strong> podmo\u0159sk\u00fdch kabel\u016f. \u010c\u00ednsk\u00fd \u00da\u0159ad pro z\u00e1le\u017eitosti Tchaj-wanu toto tvrzen\u00ed odm\u00edtl, ozna\u010dil ud\u00e1lost za b\u011b\u017en\u00fd n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed incident a obvinil tchajwanskou Demokratickou pokrokovou stranu (DPP) ze \u201ezahr\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed si s proti\u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdmi n\u00e1ladami\u201c.<\/p><p>Tchajwan\u0161t\u00ed p\u0159edstavitel\u00e9 v\u0161ak zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed, \u017ee tyto incidenty nejsou ojedin\u011bl\u00e9 a \u017ee plavidla, kter\u00e1 je zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed, <strong>vykazuj\u00ed ve sv\u00fdch plavebn\u00edch tras\u00e1ch zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed odchylky<\/strong>. Na rozd\u00edl od p\u0159edchoz\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f, kter\u00e9 se v\u017edy t\u00fdkaly po\u0161kozen\u00ed dom\u00e1c\u00edch podmo\u0159sk\u00fdch kabel\u016f,\u00a0 je dle spole\u010dnosti <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cna.com.tw\/news\/aipl\/202501090371.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Chunghwa Telecom<\/a> po\u0161kozen\u00fd kabel tentokr\u00e1t hlavn\u00edm transpacifick\u00fdm spojen\u00edm mezi Tchaj-wanem a Spojen\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty spoluvlastn\u011bn\u00fdm n\u011bkolika mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edmi telekomunika\u010dn\u00edmi oper\u00e1tory \u2013 v\u010detn\u011b Chunghwa Telecom, AT&amp;T (Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty), NTT (Japonsko), Korea Telecom, China Telecom a China Unicom. Tchajwansk\u00e1 Spr\u00e1va pob\u0159e\u017en\u00ed str\u00e1\u017ee uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9 <a href=\"https:\/\/news.ltn.com.tw\/news\/politics\/paper\/1684687\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed jej\u00edho rozpo\u010dtu<\/a> Legislativn\u00edm dvorem o nejm\u00e9n\u011b 2,9 miliardy tchajwansk\u00fdch dolar\u016f, kter\u00e9 je pl\u00e1novan\u00e9 na p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed rok, v\u00e1\u017en\u011b ovlivn\u00ed jej\u00ed schopnost \u010delit podobn\u00fdm incident\u016fm ze strany \u010cLR.<\/p><h2>\u00a0<\/h2><h2>Pro\u010d je to d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9?\u00a0<\/h2><p>St\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed <a href=\"https:\/\/carnegieendowment.org\/research\/2024\/12\/securing-europes-subsea-data-cables?lang=e\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">pr\u00e1vn\u00ed r\u00e1me<\/a>c poskytuje pouze <strong>omezenou ochranu<\/strong> podmo\u0159sk\u00fdm datov\u00fdm kabel\u016fm a postr\u00e1d\u00e1 efektivn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 by pachatele incident\u016f vedla k odpov\u011bdnosti. <a href=\"https:\/\/cil.nus.edu.sg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/1884-Convention-for-the-Protection-of-Submarine-Telegraph-Cables-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00damluva o ochran\u011b podmo\u0159sk\u00fdch telegrafn\u00edch kabel\u016f<\/a> z roku 1884 kriminalizuje \u00famysln\u00e9 nebo nedbalostn\u00ed po\u0161kozen\u00ed kabel\u016f, zat\u00edmco <a href=\"https:\/\/www.un.org\/depts\/los\/convention_agreements\/convention_overview_convention.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00damluva OSN o mo\u0159sk\u00e9m pr\u00e1vu<\/a> (UNCLOS) z roku 1982 umo\u017e\u0148uje, ale nep\u0159ikazuje, st\u00e1t\u016fm p\u0159ijmout ochrann\u00e9 z\u00e1kony. Jen m\u00e1lo st\u00e1t\u016f proto disponuje dostate\u010dn\u00fdmi vnitrost\u00e1tn\u00edmi p\u0159edpisy, zat\u00edmco UNCLOS ukl\u00e1d\u00e1 tresty pouze plavidl\u016fm, je\u017e po\u0161kod\u00ed kabely mimo teritori\u00e1ln\u00ed vody sv\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu.<\/p><p>Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 ustanoven\u00ed z \u00damluvy o ochran\u011b podmo\u0159sk\u00fdch telegrafn\u00edch kabel\u016f v sob\u011b zahrnuje i UNCLOS. Poskytuje st\u00e1t\u016fm svobodu pokl\u00e1dat podmo\u0159sk\u00e9 kabely a po\u017eaduje od pob\u0159e\u017en\u00edch st\u00e1t\u016f jejich ochranu. Pokr\u00fdv\u00e1 tak r\u016fzn\u00e9 aspekty probl\u00e9mu, jako jsou nap\u0159\u00edklad instalace kabel\u016f, pr\u00e1va a povinnosti pob\u0159e\u017en\u00edch st\u00e1t\u016f a pr\u00e1vn\u00ed odpov\u011bdnost za po\u0161kozen\u00ed podmo\u0159sk\u00fdch kabel\u016f. Tato ustanoven\u00ed se vztahuj\u00ed na r\u016fzn\u00e9 n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed z\u00f3ny, v\u010detn\u011b teritori\u00e1ln\u00edch mo\u0159\u00ed, v\u00fdlu\u010dn\u00fdch ekonomick\u00fdch z\u00f3n, kontinent\u00e1ln\u00edch \u0161elf\u016f a oblast\u00ed voln\u00e9ho mo\u0159e. \u010cl\u00e1nek 21 \u00famluvy UNCLOS se zab\u00fdv\u00e1 t\u00edm, jak mohou pob\u0159e\u017en\u00ed st\u00e1ty pr\u00e1vn\u011b <a href=\"https:\/\/taiwaninsight.org\/2024\/09\/30\/a-legal-perspective-on-the-protection-of-critical-infrastructure-the-case-of-taiwans-undersea-cables\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">regulovat sv\u00e9 teritori\u00e1ln\u00ed vody<\/a>, v\u010detn\u011b pravidel pro \u201epokojn\u00e9 proplut\u00ed\u201c, kter\u00e1 se t\u00fdkaj\u00ed bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 plavby ciz\u00edch lod\u00ed t\u011bmito vodami.<\/p><p>Tchaj-wan se v\u0161ak pot\u00fdk\u00e1 se sabot\u00e1\u017e\u00ed podmo\u0159sk\u00fdch kabel\u016f ji\u017e n\u011bkolik let. V letech 2016 a\u017e 2020 byly <a href=\"https:\/\/thediplomat.com\/2023\/04\/after-chinese-vessels-cut-matsu-internet-cables-taiwan-shows-its-communications-resilience\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">opakovan\u011b po\u0161kozov\u00e1ny<\/a> komunika\u010dn\u00ed kabely spojuj\u00edc\u00ed ostrovy Ma-cu (\u99ac\u7956) s hlavn\u00edm ostrovem.<\/p><p>V reakci na <a href=\"https:\/\/focustaiwan.tw\/politics\/202501100019\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">incident<\/a> z roku 2023 t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se kabelu vedouc\u00edho na Ma-cu novelizoval Tchaj-wan je\u0161t\u011b v\u00a0\u010dervnu t\u00e9ho\u017e roku <a href=\"https:\/\/law.moj.gov.tw\/ENG\/LawClass\/LawAll.aspx?pcode=K0060111#:~:text=The Act is enacted to,improve technological development and interconnection\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-wplink-url-error=\"true\">Z\u00e1kon o telekomunika\u010dn\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/a>, kter\u00fd zp\u0159\u00eds\u0148uje tresty za naru\u0161en\u00ed infrastruktury podmo\u0159sk\u00fdch kabel\u016f a roz\u0161i\u0159uje jurisdikci na extrateritori\u00e1ln\u00ed trestn\u00e9 \u010diny podle \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f 72 a 72-1. Av\u0161ak vym\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed jurisdikce nad zahrani\u010dn\u00edmi plavidly by pro Tchaj-wan p\u0159edstavovalo <a href=\"https:\/\/taiwaninsight.org\/2024\/09\/30\/a-legal-perspective-on-the-protection-of-critical-infrastructure-the-case-of-taiwans-undersea-cables\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">podstatnou v\u00fdzvu<\/a>. \u00da\u0159edn\u00edci pracuj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00a0oblasti n\u00e1rodn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti tak zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed t\u0159i kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 preventivn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 je mo\u017en\u00e9 podniknout: zlep\u0161en\u00ed <strong>odolnosti podmo\u0159sk\u00fdch kabel\u016f<\/strong>, vytvo\u0159en\u00ed <strong>mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho v\u00fdstra\u017en\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu<\/strong> a ustanoven\u00ed <strong>glob\u00e1ln\u00edho r\u00e1mce odpov\u011bdnosti<\/strong>. Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce je toti\u017e z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pro zamezen\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edm takov\u00fdmto incident\u016fm v budoucnosti.<\/p><p>Glob\u00e1ln\u00ed konektivita Tchaj-wanu \u2013 jako\u017eto n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edho st\u00e1tu \u2013 je hluboce z\u00e1visl\u00e1 na st\u00e1le d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edm <strong>zabezpe\u010den\u00ed vlastn\u00edch podmo\u0159sk\u00fdch kabel\u016f<\/strong>. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee internetov\u00e1 konektivita je nezbytn\u00e1 pro logistiku a pr\u016fmysl t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v ka\u017ed\u00e9m sektoru, je t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 si p\u0159edstavit, jak <strong>dalekos\u00e1hl\u00e9<\/strong> byl byly<strong> d\u016fsledky p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00fdch v\u00fdpadk\u016f internetu<\/strong> na Tchaj-wanu, zejm\u00e9na vzhledem k jeho roli technologick\u00e9 velmoci v oblasti v\u00fdroby polovodi\u010d\u016f.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Photo: A boat near the southeastern coast of Taiwan, Taitung County. Photo by: Lin Wei-Lun Foto: Lo\u010f pobl\u00ed\u017e jihov\u00fdchodn\u00edho pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed Tchaj-wanu, okres Tchaj-tung. Foto: Lin Wej-Lun What is happening? Several weeks after two submarine communication cables in Europe were allegedly severed by the Yi Peng 3, a Chinese cargo ship, a similar incident occurred off [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":38640,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[500],"tags":[538],"class_list":["post-38638","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","tag-olimpia-kot"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Undersea Cable War: A Threat Taiwan Knows Too Well - European Values Center for Security Policy<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/cs\/undersea-cable-war-a-threat-taiwan-knows-too-well\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Undersea Cable War: A Threat Taiwan Knows Too Well - European Values Center for Security Policy\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Photo: A boat near the southeastern coast of Taiwan, Taitung County. Photo by: Lin Wei-Lun Foto: Lo\u010f pobl\u00ed\u017e jihov\u00fdchodn\u00edho pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed Tchaj-wanu, okres Tchaj-tung. Foto: Lin Wej-Lun What is happening? 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