{"id":36011,"date":"2024-03-19T12:06:12","date_gmt":"2024-03-19T10:06:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/?p=36011"},"modified":"2024-03-20T14:13:11","modified_gmt":"2024-03-20T12:13:11","slug":"tiktok-ban-potential-for-spillover","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/cs\/tiktok-ban-potential-for-spillover\/","title":{"rendered":"Z\u00e1kaz TikToku: M\u016f\u017ee ovlivnit i dal\u0161\u00ed sektory?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Co se d\u011bje?<\/h2>

Dne 13. b\u0159ezna schv\u00e1lila Sn\u011bmovna reprezentant\u016f USA n\u00e1vrh z\u00e1kona o TikToku<\/strong>. Prezident Biden sice potvrdil, \u017ee n\u00e1vrh z\u00e1kona podep\u00ed\u0161e, ale \u201eZ\u00e1kon o ochran\u011b Ameri\u010dan\u016f p\u0159ed aplikacemi \u0159\u00edzen\u00fdmi zahrani\u010dn\u00edmi protivn\u00edky\u201c<\/strong><\/a> (Protecting Americans from Foreign Adversary Controlled Applications Act), mus\u00ed nejprve schv\u00e1lit Sen\u00e1t. Pokud z\u00e1kon projde, zak\u00e1\u017ee jak\u00fdmkoli \u201ezahrani\u010dn\u00edm protivn\u00edkem ovl\u00e1dan\u00fdm aplikac\u00edm\u201c p\u016fsobit v USA. Pro TikTok vlastn\u011bn\u00fd \u010c\u00ednou by to znamenalo bu\u010f odchod z USA, nebo prodej spole\u010dnosti se s\u00eddlem v USA.<\/strong><\/p>

Tato, mezi mlad\u00fdmi lidmi nesm\u00edrn\u011b popul\u00e1rn\u00ed, mobiln\u00ed aplikace p\u0159itahuje pozornost bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch analytik\u016f a \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edk\u016f, stejn\u011b jako politik\u016f a regula\u010dn\u00edch org\u00e1n\u016f, a to kv\u016fli r\u016fzn\u00fdm rizik\u016fm s\u00a0n\u00ed spojen\u00fdm. Celosv\u011btov\u00e1 tendence k omezov\u00e1n\u00ed aplikace poch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed z pevninsk\u00e9 \u010c\u00edny neust\u00e1le roste, a to p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm z bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch d\u016fvod\u016f. Osobn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnost v\u0161ak nen\u00ed jedin\u00fdm rizikem t\u00e9to interaktivn\u00ed soci\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b. <\/strong><\/p>

\u00a0<\/h2>

Jak\u00e9 jsou \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed souvislosti?<\/h2>

TikTok je soci\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165 pro sd\u00edlen\u00ed kr\u00e1tk\u00fdch vide\u00ed, kterou vlastn\u00ed \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e1 spole\u010dnost ByteDance. Pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed ji hlavn\u011b mlad\u00ed lid\u00e9 a d\u011bti a pat\u0159\u00ed mezi nejobl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00ed soci\u00e1ln\u00ed aplikace s miliony sta\u017een\u00ed po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b. Jej\u00ed sestersk\u00e1 \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e1 verze, Douyin (\u6296\u97f3), je dostupn\u00e1 pouze pro u\u017eivatele v pevninsk\u00e9 \u010c\u00edn\u011b. Zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 je, \u017ee TikTok, spolu se z\u00e1padn\u00edmi platformami soci\u00e1ln\u00edch m\u00e9di\u00ed, nen\u00ed pro u\u017eivatele v pevninsk\u00e9 \u010c\u00edn\u011b dostupn\u00fd. <\/strong><\/p>

V posledn\u00ed dob\u011b \u010del\u00ed TikTok kritice a vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm kv\u016fli obav\u00e1m o bezpe\u010dnost vypl\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edm ze shroma\u017e\u010fov\u00e1n\u00ed obrovsk\u00e9ho mno\u017estv\u00ed \u00fadaj\u016f o u\u017eivatel\u00edch.<\/strong> Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee spole\u010dnost ByteDance s\u00eddl\u00ed v zemi, kterou \u0159\u00edd\u00ed Komunistick\u00e1 strana \u010c\u00edny, mohla by b\u00fdt podle \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdch z\u00e1kon\u016f nucena ke spolupr\u00e1ci.<\/p>

Uplat\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed cenzurn\u00edch praktik, ne nepodobn\u00fdch praktik\u00e1m \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy, spole\u010dnost\u00ed TikTok bylo podrobn\u011b zdokumentov\u00e1no na n\u011bkolika skand\u00e1ln\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpadech. Doch\u00e1zelo nap\u0159\u00edklad ke skr\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00ed nebo omezov\u00e1n\u00ed obsahu, kter\u00fd kritizoval lidskopr\u00e1vn\u00ed situaci v \u010c\u00edn\u011b. Jeden z\u00a0t\u011bchto p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f, skand\u00e1l s n\u00e1vodem na l\u00ed\u010den\u00ed<\/a>, kter\u00fd se stal vir\u00e1ln\u00edm v roce 2019, ilustruje, jak TikTok cenzuroval obsah o poru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v Ujgur\u016f v \u010c\u00edn\u011b. TikTok tak\u00e9 omezoval viditelnost p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvk\u016f od \u201ezvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edch u\u017eivatel\u016f\u201c<\/a> jako jsou lid\u00e9 s posti\u017een\u00edm nebo nadv\u00e1hou, s p\u0159edpokladem, \u017ee tyto kategorie jsou n\u00e1chyln\u00e9 k \u0161ikan\u011b. TikTok tak\u00e9 p\u0159iznal, \u017ee \u0161pehoval zahrani\u010dn\u00ed novin\u00e1\u0159e<\/a>.<\/p>

V\u011bt\u0161ina u\u017eivatel\u016f TikToku jsou mlad\u00ed lid\u00e9 ve v\u011bku 18 a\u017e 24 let, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159izn\u00e1vaj\u00ed<\/a>, \u017ee je pro n\u011b TikTok hlavn\u00ed zdroj informac\u00ed. M\u016f\u017ee tak b\u00fdt mocn\u00fdm n\u00e1strojem pro \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed neov\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch informac\u00ed i dezinformac\u00ed. <\/strong>D\u00edky robustn\u00edmu algoritmu, kter\u00fd p\u0159izp\u016fsobuje nikdy nekon\u010d\u00edc\u00ed obsah preferenc\u00edm u\u017eivatele, m\u016f\u017ee slou\u017eit jako zdroj levn\u00e9ho dopaminu. Aplikace je nejen \u010dasov\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1, ale m\u016f\u017ee se st\u00e1t i vysoce n\u00e1vykovou<\/a>. Tato z\u00e1vislost m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit probl\u00e9my zejm\u00e9na d\u011btem, jejich\u017e mozek je\u0161t\u011b nen\u00ed pln\u011b vyvinut\u00fd.<\/p>

V mnoha zem\u00edch sv\u011bta byla p\u0159ijata opat\u0159en\u00ed k omezen\u00ed rizik spojen\u00fdch s pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm TikToku. N\u011bkter\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy ji\u017e zak\u00e1zaly<\/strong> pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed TikToku ve vl\u00e1dn\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch z obavy o bezpe\u010dnost dat. Jin\u00e9 zem\u011b, nap\u0159\u00edklad Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1n, Nep\u00e1l a P\u00e1kist\u00e1n, se v\u00edce ob\u00e1vaj\u00ed obsahu a TikTok z tohoto d\u016fvodu zak\u00e1zaly. V \u010cesku by politick\u00e1 diskuse o TikToku mohla b\u00fdt pokro\u010dilej\u0161\u00ed. Politick\u00e9 strany cht\u011bj\u00ed b\u00fdt na TikToku p\u0159\u00edtomny, aby mohly oslovit mlad\u0161\u00ed generace a sv\u00e9 potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed voli\u010de, a to i p\u0159es v\u00e1\u017en\u00e1 varov\u00e1n\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch organizac\u00ed. <\/strong><\/p>

V reakci na sou\u010dasn\u00e9 kroky americk\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy TikTok vyzval sv\u00e9 u\u017eivatele, aby kontaktovali sv\u00e9 pr\u00e1vn\u00ed z\u00e1stupce a protestovali proti n\u00e1vrhu z\u00e1kona. P\u0159\u00edpad jen ilustruje, jak mocn\u00e1 je aplikace, co se ovliv\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed u\u017eivatel\u016f t\u00fd\u010de, a jak\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem o nich m\u016f\u017ee shroma\u017e\u010fovat \u00fadaje.<\/p>

Volby, v\u00fdkonn\u00e9 algoritmy TikToku a \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed dezinformac\u00ed vzru\u0161uj\u00ed americk\u00e9 z\u00e1konod\u00e1rce, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm p\u0159ed nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edmi prezidentsk\u00fdmi volbami.<\/strong> Donald Trump, kter\u00fd b\u011bhem sv\u00e9ho prezidentsk\u00e9ho mand\u00e1tu s\u00e1m vyz\u00fdval k z\u00e1kazu TikToku, nyn\u00ed zm\u011bnil n\u00e1zor, nebo\u0165 Facebook pova\u017euje za \u201enep\u0159\u00edtele\u201c a ob\u00e1v\u00e1 se, \u017ee by se tato americk\u00e1 spole\u010dnost v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b z\u00e1kazu TikToku \u201ezdvojn\u00e1sobila\u201c. Dal\u0161\u00edm p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b hlasit\u00fdm oponentem z\u00e1kazu je americk\u00fd miliard\u00e1\u0159 a majitel spole\u010dnosti X (d\u0159\u00edve Twitter) Elon Musk, kter\u00fd z\u00e1kaz p\u0159irovnal k pokusu o \u201ecenzuru a vl\u00e1dn\u00ed kontrolu<\/a>\u201c.<\/p>

\u00a0<\/h2>

Pro\u010d je to d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9?<\/h2>

Pokud n\u00e1vrh z\u00e1kona projde, bude muset TikTok do \u0161esti m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f opustit \u00fazem\u00ed USA nebo b\u00fdt prod\u00e1n. Nal\u00e9havost a rychlost, s jakou byl n\u00e1vrh z\u00e1kona protla\u010den z\u00e1konod\u00e1rn\u00fdm sborem, je bezprecedentn\u00ed. Diskuse o bezpe\u010dnosti v USA uprost\u0159ed prezidentsk\u00fdch voleb je mnohem pokro\u010dilej\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e v Evrop\u011b, kter\u00e1 se v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch p\u0159ipravuje na volby do Evropsk\u00e9ho parlamentu a na mnoho n\u00e1rodn\u00edch voleb. Pokud se sna\u017e\u00edme chr\u00e1nit na\u0161e demokratick\u00e9 hodnoty a udr\u017eet na\u0161e vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9ho \u0159\u00e1du, mus\u00edme v takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b aktivn\u011bji adresovat rizika spojen\u00e1 s neregulovan\u00fdmi platformami soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00ed jako je TikTok.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

What is happening? On March 13, the US House of Representatives passed its TikTok bill. While President Biden confirmed he will sign the bill, the \u201cProtecting Americans from Foreign Adversary Controlled Applications Act\u201d must first be approved by the Senate. If it passes, the law will ban any \u201cforeign adversary-controlled application\u201d from operating in the […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":36012,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[500],"tags":[534],"class_list":["post-36011","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","tag-zuzana-koskova"],"yoast_head":"\nTikTok Ban: Potential for Spillover? - European Values Center for Security Policy<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/cs\/tiktok-ban-potential-for-spillover\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"TikTok Ban: Potential for Spillover? - European Values Center for Security Policy\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"What is happening? On March 13, the US House of Representatives passed its TikTok bill. While President Biden confirmed he will sign the bill, the \u201cProtecting Americans from Foreign Adversary Controlled Applications Act\u201d must first be approved by the Senate. 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On March 13, the US House of Representatives passed its TikTok bill. While President Biden confirmed he will sign the bill, the \u201cProtecting Americans from Foreign Adversary Controlled Applications Act\u201d must first be approved by the Senate. If it passes, the law will ban any \u201cforeign adversary-controlled application\u201d from operating in the […]","og_url":"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/cs\/tiktok-ban-potential-for-spillover\/","og_site_name":"European Values Center for Security Policy","article_published_time":"2024-03-19T10:06:12+00:00","article_modified_time":"2024-03-20T12:13:11+00:00","og_image":[{"width":2160,"height":1136,"url":"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/TikTok.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Ond\u0159ej Ber\u00e1nek","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Napsal(a)":"Ond\u0159ej Ber\u00e1nek","Odhadovan\u00e1 doba \u010dten\u00ed":"7 minut"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/tiktok-ban-potential-for-spillover\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/tiktok-ban-potential-for-spillover\/"},"author":{"name":"Ond\u0159ej Ber\u00e1nek","@id":"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/7724fb271acacd215231c937a200a510"},"headline":"TikTok Ban: Potential for Spillover?","datePublished":"2024-03-19T10:06:12+00:00","dateModified":"2024-03-20T12:13:11+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/tiktok-ban-potential-for-spillover\/"},"wordCount":1781,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/en\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/tiktok-ban-potential-for-spillover\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/TikTok.jpg","keywords":["Zuzana Ko\u0161kov\u00e1"],"articleSection":["Articles"],"inLanguage":"cs"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/tiktok-ban-potential-for-spillover\/","url":"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/tiktok-ban-potential-for-spillover\/","name":"TikTok Ban: Potential for Spillover? 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