{"id":35993,"date":"2024-03-19T12:00:22","date_gmt":"2024-03-19T10:00:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/?p=35993"},"modified":"2024-03-20T14:13:06","modified_gmt":"2024-03-20T12:13:06","slug":"understanding-freedom-of-religion-and-belief-in-taiwan-a-view-from-the-migrant-community","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/cs\/understanding-freedom-of-religion-and-belief-in-taiwan-a-view-from-the-migrant-community\/","title":{"rendered":"Pochopen\u00ed svobody n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9ho vyzn\u00e1n\u00ed a v\u00edry na Tchaj-wanu: Pohled komunity migrant\u016f"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"35993\" class=\"elementor elementor-35993\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ac047ae elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ac047ae\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-77d1a4d\" data-id=\"77d1a4d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48c4180 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"48c4180\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<style>.elementor-element-48c4180{display:none !important}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-40081e5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"40081e5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span lang=\"EN\">Me\u0161ita Longgang ve m\u011bst\u011b Tchao-j\u00fcan na Tchaj-wanu, zalo\u017een\u00e1 v roce 1962. Foto: Olimpia Kot-Giletycz<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-579982cf elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"579982cf\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5529dcac\" data-id=\"5529dcac\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-4f474d08 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4f474d08\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-no-translation=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-38a0289a\" data-id=\"38a0289a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3d361774 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3d361774\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>Co se d\u011bje?<\/h2><p>Jako jedna z p\u0159edn\u00edch demokratick\u00fdch zem\u00ed v Asii v oblastech jako je svoboda tisku nebo inkluze LGBTQI+, deklaruje Tchaj-wan tak\u00e9 sv\u016fj z\u00e1vazek v\u016f\u010di <strong>svobod\u011b n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9ho vyzn\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/strong> V posledn\u00edch letech se spolu s roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00edm migrantsk\u00e9 komunity v\u00fdrazn\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161il po\u010det muslim\u016f a katol\u00edk\u016f. Mnoz\u00ed migrant\u0161t\u00ed pracovn\u00edci v\u0161ak nemaj\u00ed mo\u017enost \u00fa\u010dastnit se bohoslu\u017eeb stejn\u011b jako m\u00edstn\u00ed. Zat\u00edmco muslim\u0161t\u00ed migranti v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b dodr\u017euj\u00ed svat\u00fd m\u011bs\u00edc ramad\u00e1n a p\u0159ipravuj\u00ed se na oslavy sv\u00e1tku \u00cdd al-Fitr, katol\u00edci se p\u0159ipravuj\u00ed na Velikonoce. P\u0159esto <strong>z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 otev\u0159enou ot\u00e1zkou, <\/strong>do jak\u00e9 m\u00edry budou zam\u011bstnavatel\u00e9 respektovat jejich n\u00e1bo\u017eenskou svobodu.<\/p><h2>\u00a0<\/h2><h2>Jak\u00e9 jsou \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed souvislosti?<\/h2><p><a href=\"https:\/\/law.moj.gov.tw\/ENG\/LawClass\/LawAll.aspx?pcode=A0000001#:~:text=The%20people%20shall%20have%20freedom%20of%20religious%20belief.,be%20guaranteed%20to%20the%20people\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00dastava<\/a> \u010c\u00ednsk\u00e9 republiky (Tchaj-wanu), kter\u00e1 slou\u017e\u00ed jako z\u00e1kladn\u00ed z\u00e1kon Tchaj-wanu, zaru\u010duje n\u00e1bo\u017eenskou svobodu. \u010cl\u00e1nek 13 kapitoly I obecn\u00fdch ustanoven\u00ed uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee \u201elid\u00e9 maj\u00ed svobodu n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9ho vyzn\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c. T\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 30 procent Tchajwanc\u016f <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ait.org.tw\/zhtw\/zhtw-2022-report-on-international-religious-freedom-taiwan\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">vyzn\u00e1v\u00e1<\/a> tradi\u010dn\u00ed lidov\u00e1 n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed, t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 20 procent je buddhist\u016f, p\u0159es 18 procent taoist\u016f a necel\u00fdch 24 procent obyvatel se nehl\u00e1s\u00ed k \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9mu n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed. Protestanti tvo\u0159\u00ed 5,5 procent, I-kuan-tao (\u4e00\u8cab\u9053) 2,2 procent a katol\u00edci p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed 1,4 procent v\u011b\u0159\u00edc\u00edch. Mezi p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edky dal\u0161\u00edch n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch skupin pat\u0159\u00ed \u017eid\u00e9, sunnit\u0161t\u00ed muslimov\u00e9, Tien Ti Chiao (\u5929\u5e1d\u6559, U\u010den\u00ed nebesk\u00e9ho c\u00edsa\u0159e), Tien Te Chiao (\u5929\u5fb7\u6559 U\u010den\u00ed nebesk\u00fdch ctnost\u00ed), Zailismus (\u5728\u7406\u6559), Prekosmick\u00e9 spasitelstv\u00ed (\u7688\u4f9d\u9053, Guiyidao) a mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch. V reakci na americk\u00e9 iniciativy na podporu n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 svobody jmenoval Tchaj-wan v roce 2019 sv\u00e9ho <a href=\"https:\/\/news.ltn.com.tw\/news\/focus\/breakingnews\/2725086\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">prvn\u00edho velvyslance pro n\u00e1bo\u017eenskou svobodu<\/a>. Pusin Tali je presbyteri\u00e1n a \u010dlen austron\u00e9sk\u00e9 domorod\u00e9 skupiny Atayal. V\u00a0roce 2023 uspo\u0159\u00e1daly Centrum pro studium nov\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed (CESNUR) a organizace Human Rights Without Frontiers (HRWF) na Tchajwansk\u00e9 n\u00e1rodn\u00ed univerzit\u011b <a href=\"https:\/\/www.taipeitimes.com\/News\/taiwan\/archives\/2023\/04\/14\/2003797918\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed f\u00f3rum o m\u00edru a lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1vech, svobod\u011b n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9ho vyzn\u00e1n\u00ed nebo v\u00edry<\/a>.<\/p><p>Jedn\u00edm z hlavn\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f souvisej\u00edc\u00edch se situac\u00ed v oblasti lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v na Tchaj-wanu je diskrimina\u010dn\u00ed zach\u00e1zen\u00ed s\u00a0migrantskou komunitou. To zahrnuje i poru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed jej\u00edch n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch svobod. Po\u010det migrantsk\u00fdch pracovn\u00edk\u016f na Tchaj-wanu od otev\u0159en\u00ed pracovn\u00edho trhu v roce 1992 v\u00fdrazn\u011b vzrostl, na v\u00edce ne\u017e 700 000 osob. V\u011bt\u0161ina migrantsk\u00fdch pracovn\u00edk\u016f poch\u00e1z\u00ed z jihov\u00fdchodn\u00ed Asie, z toho je p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 250 000 vietnamsk\u00fdch d\u011bln\u00edk\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b buddhist\u00e9, a d\u00e1le 240 000 Indon\u00e9san\u016f, p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b muslim\u016f. Naproti tomu v\u011bt\u0161ina ze 149 000 pracovn\u00edk\u016f z Filip\u00edn jsou katol\u00edci. Kv\u016fli nedostatku pracovn\u00edch sil a tak\u00e9 skute\u010dnosti, \u017ee z\u00e1kon o pracovn\u00edch standardech nezahrnuje pracovn\u00edky v dom\u00e1cnosti a pe\u010dovatele, je migrantsk\u00fdm pracovn\u00edk\u016fm vykon\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edm tyto pr\u00e1ce \u010dasto odep\u0159en den volna, a <strong>nemohou se tak \u00fa\u010dastnit n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch ob\u0159ad\u016f.<\/strong> Vzhledem k po\u010dtu pe\u010dovatel\u016f a dom\u00e1c\u00edch pracovn\u00edk\u016f je o mo\u017enost \u00fa\u010dastnit se ob\u0159ad\u016f p\u0159ipraveno v\u00edce ne\u017e <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ait.org.tw\/zhtw\/zhtw-2022-report-on-international-religious-freedom-taiwan\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">200 000<\/a> lid\u00ed t\u00fddn\u011b. Objevily se tak\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpady <strong>nucen\u00ed muslimsk\u00fdch pracovn\u00edk\u016f ke konzumaci <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ftvnews.com.tw\/news\/detail\/2022603W0175\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>vep\u0159ov\u00e9ho masa<\/strong><\/a><strong>,<\/strong> co\u017e je v <strong>rozporu s isl\u00e1msk\u00fdmi z\u00e1sadami.<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><h2>Pro\u010d je to d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9?<\/h2><p>Trh pracovn\u00edch sil na Tchaj-wanu se zmen\u0161uje v d\u016fsledku n\u00edzk\u00e9 porodnosti. Odhaduje se, \u017ee Tchaj-wan se do roku 2025 stane <a href=\"https:\/\/www.taipeitimes.com\/News\/taiwan\/archives\/2023\/01\/23\/2003793048\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u201esuperstarou spole\u010dnost\u00ed\u201c<\/a>. Jeho z\u00e1vislost na migrantsk\u00fdch pracovn\u00edc\u00edch tak v budoucnu jen poroste. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee vl\u00e1da pl\u00e1nuje v\u00edce pracovat s\u00a0migrantsk\u00fdmi pracovn\u00edky, je t\u0159eba l\u00e9pe porozum\u011bt jejich pr\u00e1v\u016fm a kulturn\u00edmu prost\u0159ed\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b pr\u00e1va na kon\u00e1n\u00ed pobo\u017enost\u00ed, a identifikovat a \u0159e\u0161it nedostatky souvisej\u00edc\u00edch p\u0159edpis\u016f.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Longgang Mosque in Taoyuan City, Taiwan, established in 1962. Photo by Olimpia Kot-Giletycz Me\u0161ita Longgang ve m\u011bst\u011b Tchao-j\u00fcan na Tchaj-wanu, zalo\u017een\u00e1 v roce 1962. Foto: Olimpia Kot-Giletycz What is happening? Taiwan, as one of the leading democracies in Asia in areas such as freedom of the press or LGBTQI+ inclusion, also declares its commitment to [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":35995,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[500],"tags":[538],"class_list":["post-35993","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","tag-olimpia-kot"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Understanding Freedom of Religion and Belief in Taiwan: A View from the Migrant Community - European Values Center for Security Policy<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/cs\/understanding-freedom-of-religion-and-belief-in-taiwan-a-view-from-the-migrant-community\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Understanding Freedom of Religion and Belief in Taiwan: A View from the Migrant Community - European Values Center for Security Policy\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Longgang Mosque in Taoyuan City, Taiwan, established in 1962. Photo by Olimpia Kot-Giletycz Me\u0161ita Longgang ve m\u011bst\u011b Tchao-j\u00fcan na Tchaj-wanu, zalo\u017een\u00e1 v roce 1962. Foto: Olimpia Kot-Giletycz What is happening? 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