{"id":3196,"date":"2015-10-31T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2015-10-31T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/letecka-predvolebni-kampan-a-cesta-k-autoritativni-vlade\/"},"modified":"2021-12-16T12:22:38","modified_gmt":"2021-12-16T10:22:38","slug":"letecka-predvolebni-kampan-a-cesta-k-autoritativni-vlade","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/cs\/letecka-predvolebni-kampan-a-cesta-k-autoritativni-vlade\/","title":{"rendered":"Leteck\u00e1 p\u0159edvolebn\u00ed kampa\u0148 a cesta k autoritativn\u00ed vl\u00e1d\u011b"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Bl\u00ed\u017e\u00edc\u00ed se parlamentn\u00ed volby v Turecku z\u00e1sadn\u011b ovlivn\u00ed sm\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed zem\u011b a jej\u00ed vztah s Evropskou uni\u00ed.\u00a0P\u0159inesou zna\u010dn\u00e9 zkomplikov\u00e1n\u00ed migra\u010dn\u00ed krize a boje s islamismem?<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

Letos v\u00a0\u010dervnu v\u00a0Turecku prob\u011bhly parlamentn\u00ed volby, ze kter\u00fdch jako v\u00edt\u011bz vze\u0161la dosavadn\u00ed vl\u00e1dn\u00ed Strana spravedlnosti a rozvoje (AKP) prezidenta Recepa Tayyipa Erdo\u011fana.\u00a0Nepoda\u0159ilo se j\u00ed v\u0161ak z\u00edskat parlamentn\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inu. Ani po n\u011bkolika m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch se AKP nepoda\u0159ilo vytvo\u0159it\u00a0koalici<\/a> s\u00a0\u017e\u00e1dnou ze t\u0159\u00ed stran, kter\u00e9 ve volb\u00e1ch rovn\u011b\u017e usp\u011bly. Zemi tak 1. listopadu \u010dekaj\u00ed\u00a0p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00e9 volby<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Pro\u010d jsou tureck\u00e9 parlamentn\u00ed volby pro Evropskou unii d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9? Proto\u017ee z\u00e1sadn\u011b ovlivn\u00ed sm\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed zem\u011b le\u017e\u00edc\u00ed na hranici mezi Evropou a Asi\u00ed, kter\u00e1 se ji\u017e n\u011bkolik desetilet\u00ed sna\u017e\u00ed o\u00a0p\u0159i\u010dlen\u011bn\u00ed k\u00a0EU<\/a> a z\u00e1rove\u0148 v\u00a0posledn\u00edch n\u011bkolika letech za\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 ideologick\u00fd posun vl\u00e1dn\u00edch elit sm\u011brem od euroatlantick\u00e9ho sm\u00fd\u0161len\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Stran\u011b spravedlnosti a rozvoje (AKP) prezidenta Recepa Tayyipa Erdo\u011fana se\u00a0nepoda\u0159ilo vytvo\u0159it\u00a0koalici\u00a0s\u00a0\u017e\u00e1dnou ze t\u0159\u00ed stran, kter\u00e9 ve volb\u00e1ch rovn\u011b\u017e usp\u011bly.<\/em><\/p>\n

(zdroj: commons.wikimedia.org)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

Turecko je nav\u00edc jedn\u00edm z\u00a0kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch partner\u016f Unie p\u0159i \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed migra\u010dn\u00ed krize<\/a> i boje<\/a>\u00a0s\u00a0radik\u00e1ln\u00edm islamismem reprezentovan\u00fdm v\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b zejm\u00e9na takzvan\u00fdm Isl\u00e1msk\u00fdm st\u00e1tem. D\u016fle\u017eitost Turecka p\u0159i \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed t\u011bchto ot\u00e1zek je o to vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o \u010dlenskou zemi Severoatlantick\u00e9 aliance a dlouhodob\u011b jednu z\u00a0nejvst\u0159\u00edcn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch muslimsk\u00fdch zem\u00ed p\u0159i jedn\u00e1n\u00edch se Z\u00e1padem.<\/p>\n

Cesta k\u00a0p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00fdm volb\u00e1m<\/h2>\n

Leto\u0161n\u00ed \u010dervnov\u00e9 volby v\u00a0Turecku sice pro AKP skon\u010dily ziskem 258 mand\u00e1t\u016f<\/a>, ani to v\u0161ak nesta\u010dilo na z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161iny v\u00a0parlamentu s\u00a0550 k\u0159esly. Volebn\u00ed v\u00fdsledek lze nav\u00edc pova\u017eovat za Pyrrhovo v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed, jeliko\u017e si dosavadn\u00ed vl\u00e1dn\u00ed strana pohor\u0161ila z\u00a0p\u0159echoz\u00edch 312 mand\u00e1t\u016f, kter\u00e9 j\u00ed zaru\u010dovaly bezprobl\u00e9movou jednobarevnou vl\u00e1du.<\/p>\n

Je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed volbami p\u0159itom strana aspirovala na z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed nejen parlamentn\u00ed, ale i \u00fastavn\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161iny. Pro zm\u011bnu \u00fastavy je v\u00a0Turecku pot\u0159eba 367 parlamentn\u00edch k\u0159esel, pro vyvol\u00e1n\u00ed referenda o nov\u00e9 \u00fastav\u011b pak 330. Zm\u011bna \u00fastavy m\u011bla AKP umo\u017enit posunout zemi sm\u011brem k\u00a0prezidentsk\u00e9mu syst\u00e9mu<\/a> a pos\u00edlit tak moc sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho prezidenta a b\u00fdval\u00e9ho premi\u00e9ra Erdogana.<\/p>\n

Neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fd zvrat ve volb\u00e1ch p\u0159inesl p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm neb\u00fdval\u00fd \u00fasp\u011bch kurdsk\u00e9 Lidov\u011b demokratick\u00e9 strany (HDP). I kdy\u017e z\u00edskala jen 13 procent hlas\u016f a d\u00edky tomu 80 parlamentn\u00edch k\u0159esel, p\u0159esto poprv\u00e9 p\u0159ekonala 10% hranici<\/a> pro vstup do parlamentu. Vzhledem k\u00a0Erdoganov\u011b dlouhodob\u00e9 protikurdsk\u00e9 r\u00e9torice byla koalice AKP a HDP ji\u017e p\u0159edem vylou\u010dena.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

V\u00fdsledky voleb maj\u00ed potenci\u00e1l v\u00a0dlouhodob\u00e9m hledisku zm\u011bnit zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politiku EU.<\/em><\/p>\n

(zdroj: commons.wikimedia.org<\/a>)<\/p>\n

Do parlamentu se v\u00a0\u010dervnu dostali tak\u00e9 Soci\u00e1ln\u00ed demokrat\u00e9 (CHP) s\u00a024 procenty hlas\u016f a ultrapravicov\u00e1 Strana n\u00e1rodn\u00ed akce (MHP) s 17 procenty hlas\u016f. Av\u0161ak ani jedna se nebyla schopn\u00e1 dohodnout s\u00a0nejsiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed stranou na sestaven\u00ed vl\u00e1dy<\/a>. Mo\u017enost \u0161irok\u00e9 koalice s\u00a0vylou\u010den\u00edm AKP byla zna\u010dn\u011b nere\u00e1ln\u00e1 u\u017e p\u0159ed volbami, zejm\u00e9na pro programovou nejednotu men\u0161\u00edch stran, dal\u0161\u00edm d\u016fvodem byl i d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed diametr\u00e1ln\u011b odli\u0161n\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup HDP a zbyl\u00fdch dvou stran ke kurdsk\u00e9 ot\u00e1zce. Po \u0159ad\u011b ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdch vyjedn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed tak Erdogan v\u00a0srpnu\u00a0p\u0159ipustil vyps\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a> p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00fdch voleb. Ty jsou napl\u00e1novan\u00e9 na 1. listopad.<\/p>\n

Leteck\u00e1 p\u0159edvolebn\u00ed kampa\u0148<\/h2>\n

Srpen pro Turecko nebyl v\u00fdznamn\u00fd pouze ofici\u00e1ln\u00edm potvrzen\u00edm<\/a> p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00fdch voleb, ale p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm p\u0159ipojen\u00edm se k\u00a0vojensk\u00fdm operac\u00edm proti IS. Av\u0161ak krom\u011b pozic islamist\u016f tureck\u00e9 letouny zah\u00e1jily i \u00fatoky<\/a> proti pozic\u00edm Kurdsk\u00e9 strany pr\u00e1ce (PKK), je\u017e je napojena na parlamentn\u00ed kurdskou stranu HDP.<\/p>\n

Nutno podotknout, \u017ee PKK je v\u011bt\u0161inou z\u00e1padn\u00edch zem\u00ed pova\u017eov\u00e1na za teroristickou organizaci, se kterou vedly tureck\u00e9 ozbrojen\u00e9 slo\u017eky mnoho let krvav\u00e9 boje. P\u0159esto v\u00a0posledn\u00edch letech znesv\u00e1\u0159en\u00e9 strany vyjednaly p\u0159\u00edm\u011b\u0159\u00ed. Jak HDP, tak PKK maj\u00ed nav\u00edc vazby na kurdsk\u00e9 organizace<\/a> v\u00a0S\u00fdrii a Ir\u00e1ku, kter\u00e9 spole\u010dn\u011b se\u00a0z\u00e1padn\u00ed koalic\u00ed \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b bojuj\u00ed proti IS.<\/p>\n

Bombardov\u00e1n\u00edm c\u00edl\u016f PKK<\/a> sou\u010dasn\u00e1 tureck\u00e1 vl\u00e1da nesleduje potla\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed radik\u00e1ln\u00edho islamismu<\/a>, ale sp\u00ed\u0161e se sna\u017e\u00ed vyost\u0159it<\/a> ji\u017e tak dost siln\u00e9 proti-kurdsk\u00e9 n\u00e1lady v\u00a0Turecku. Dle l\u00eddra kurdsk\u00e9 parlamentn\u00ed strany je nesn\u00e1\u0161enlivost v\u016f\u010di jeho etniku v\u00a0zemi ji\u017e tak vysok\u00e1, \u017ee situace m\u016f\u017ee snadno p\u0159er\u016fst v\u00a0ob\u010danskou v\u00e1lku<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Na druhou stranu nejsiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed parlamentn\u00ed strana podle p\u0159edvolebn\u00edch pr\u016fzkum\u016f<\/a> ze situace t\u011b\u017e\u00ed a z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 dal\u0161\u00ed hlasy p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm konzervativn\u00edch voli\u010d\u016f, v\u00a0jejich\u017e o\u010d\u00edch \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b bojuje s\u00a0teroristy.<\/p>\n

Turecko na cest\u011b z\u00a0Evropy<\/h2>\n

V\u00a0nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00fdch volb\u00e1ch AKP s\u00a0nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnost\u00ed upevn\u00ed svou pozici v\u00a0tureck\u00e9m parlamentu. Ot\u00e1zkou pouze z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1, jak vysok\u00fd po\u010det k\u0159esel se j\u00ed poda\u0159\u00ed z\u00edskat.<\/p>\n

Pro EU by p\u0159itom pos\u00edlen\u00ed Erdoganovy strany v\u00a0parlamentn\u00edch volb\u00e1ch znamenalo zna\u010dn\u00e9 zkomplikov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed migra\u010dn\u00ed krize i boje s\u00a0radik\u00e1ln\u00edm islamismem. \u0158ada evropsk\u00fdch st\u00e1tn\u00edk\u016f, reprezentovan\u00fdch nap\u0159\u00edklad Angelou Merkelovou, je v\u016f\u010di Erdoganov\u011b politice dlouhodob\u011b skeptick\u00e1<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Sou\u010dasn\u00fd prezident st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji vystupuje proti z\u00e1padn\u00edm liber\u00e1ln\u00edm hodnot\u00e1m a stup\u0148uje snahy o autoritativn\u00ed vl\u00e1du<\/a>. Ciz\u00ed mu nen\u00ed ani perzekuce<\/a> nepohodln\u00fdch m\u00e9di\u00ed<\/a> \u010di politick\u00fdchprotivn\u00edk\u016f<\/a>. St\u00e1le ost\u0159eji nav\u00edc vystupuje proti etnick\u00fdm a n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdm men\u0161in\u00e1m v\u00a0zemi, zejm\u00e9na proti ob\u010dan\u016fm nevyzn\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch isl\u00e1m.<\/p>\n

Trnem v\u00a0oku jsou mu mnohdy i aktivistky za pr\u00e1va \u017een<\/a>. P\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm kv\u016fli zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdm neliber\u00e1ln\u00edm praktik\u00e1m jsou Erdogan a jeho AKP st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji kritizov\u00e1ni z\u00e1padn\u00edmi politiky. Zem\u011b se pod vl\u00e1dou st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edho prezidenta postupn\u011b odkl\u00e1n\u00ed od pro-unijn\u00ed cesty, kterou nastoupila p\u0159ed zah\u00e1jen\u00edm p\u0159\u00edstupov\u00fdch rozhovor\u016f s\u00a0EU v\u00a0roce 2005.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdsledky bl\u00ed\u017e\u00edc\u00edch se parlamentn\u00edch voleb tak uk\u00e1\u017e\u00ed, jak\u00fdm sm\u011brem se zem\u011b v\u00a0nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch letech vyd\u00e1. V\u00fdsledky maj\u00ed tak\u00e9 potenci\u00e1l v\u00a0dlouhodob\u00e9m hledisku zm\u011bnit zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politiku EU v\u00edce, ne\u017e v\u011bt\u0161ina parlamentn\u00edch voleb v\u00a0\u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1tech Unie.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

David Ko\u0159\u00ednek<\/a> p\u016fsob\u00ed jako\u00a0Spolupracovn\u00edk Analytick\u00e9ho t\u00fdmu think-tanku Evropsk\u00e9 hodnoty.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bl\u00ed\u017e\u00edc\u00ed se parlamentn\u00ed volby v Turecku z\u00e1sadn\u011b ovlivn\u00ed sm\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed zem\u011b a jej\u00ed vztah s Evropskou uni\u00ed.\u00a0P\u0159inesou zna\u010dn\u00e9 zkomplikov\u00e1n\u00ed migra\u010dn\u00ed krize a boje s islamismem?<\/p>","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":15647,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[461],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3196","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-press-releases"],"yoast_head":"\nLeteck\u00e1 p\u0159edvolebn\u00ed kampa\u0148 a cesta k autoritativn\u00ed vl\u00e1d\u011b - European Values Center for Security Policy<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/europeanvalues.cz\/cs\/letecka-predvolebni-kampan-a-cesta-k-autoritativni-vlade\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Leteck\u00e1 p\u0159edvolebn\u00ed kampa\u0148 a cesta k autoritativn\u00ed vl\u00e1d\u011b - 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